Acid Rain :: essays research papers fc

Acid RainWhat is acid rain? Acid rain is not a recent phenomenon. In the 17th century, scientists noted the ill effects that industry and acidic pollution was having on vegetation and people. However, the term acid rain was not coined until two centuries by and by when Angus Smith published a book called Acid Rain in 1872 ( Zumdahl 173).Acidic pollutants can be deposited from the atmosphere to the Earths surface in wet and dry forms. The vernacular term to describe this process is acid deposition. The term acid precipitation is used to specifically describe wet forms of acid pollution that can be found in rain, sleet, snow, fog, and cloud vapor. An acid can be defined as any substance that when dissolved in water dissociates to yield grim hydrogen ions. The acidity of a substances dissolved in water is commonly measured in terms of pH. According to this measurement scale solutions with pHs less than 7 are described as being acidic, while a pH greater than 7.0 is considered alkali ne. Precipitation normally has a pH between 5.0 to 5.6 because of natural atmospheric reactions involving carbon dioxide. Precipitation is considered to be acidic when its pH falls below 5.6. Some sites in eastern North America have precipitation with pHs as low as 2.3 or about 1000 times more acidic than natural ( Zumdahl 171).     One of the main causes of acid rain is sulphur dioxide. raw(a) sources, which emit this gas, are volcanoes, sea spray, rotting vegetation and plankton. However, the burning of fossil fuels, such(prenominal) as coal and oil, are largely to be blamed for roughly half of the emissions of this gas in the world. When sulphur dioxide reaches the atmosphere, it oxidizes to first form a sulphate ion. It then becomes sulphuric acid as it joins with hydrogen atoms in the air and falls back down to earth. Oxidation occurs mostly in clouds and especially in heavily polluted air where other compounds such as, ammonia and ozone service to cata lyze the reaction, converting more sulphur dioxide to sulphuric acid.      One of the direct effects of acid rain is on lakes and its aquatic ecosystems. There are several routes by means of which acidic chemicals can enter the lakes. Some chemical substances exist as dry particles in the air while others enter the lakes as wet particles such as rain, snow, sleet, hail, dew or fog. In addition, lakes can almost be thought of as the "sinks" of the earth, where rain that falls on land is drained through the cloaca systems eventually makes their way into the lakes.

New technologies dismiss social relationships Essay examples -- Tech

In this fast-changing world, crude technologies have become essential in societies and have an bear on on everyones life. This process of technologization has grown exponentially since the nineties and the beginning of the Internet, which has significantly decreased boundaries of talk. Some expert agreed that new technologies would make communication and exchange easier, and thus give an incentive to communicate with other passel. However, those change have caused communication to change and people have totally change their representation to communicate. Ever since people have become increasingly dependent on those technologies because they only see their advantages and convenience for everyday life. New technologies dismiss neighborly dealings due to the way people use them. This paper will argue that an excessive use of new technologies can damage peoples social interactions, which in term might cause numerous social issues. To support this argument, three reasons will be approached the first part will explain how new technologies make people more selfish and individual by explaining online communication issues second, people rely so much on new technologies that there has been an extend in technological addiction which turn people into technological aliens. To finish, advanced technologies change peoples behavior in their everyday life here, the concomitant that virtual life comes over real life will be developing. This research will demonstrate how new technologies dismiss social relationships by study and analyzing different academic sources. In order to proceed, the word communication needs to be defined. According to the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, communication is the process by which people exchange... ...umriques, Des Enfants Mutants ?? Sciences Humaines France Oct. 2013 35-37. Print.Kelion, Leo. Hannah Smith Death Father Says Daughter Was Victim of Cyberbullies. BBC News. BBC, 08 June 2013. Web. 27 Nov. 2013.Kudler, Aman da. Video Games Timeline. Infoplease. Infoplease, 2007. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.Netburn, Deborah. The Business and Culture of Our Digital Lives. N.p., July 2011. Web. 30 Nov. 2013.Soong, Jennifer. When Technology dependence Takes Over Your Life. WebMD. WebMD, June 2008. Web. 24 Nov. 2013.Tong, Krystel. Social Networking Leads to Social Isolation. Prezi.com. Prezi.com, Apr. 2013. Web. 27 Nov. 2013.Turkle, Sherry. Sherry Turkle Connected, but Alone? TED Ideas worth Spreading. TED, Feb. 2012. Web. 27 Nov. 2013.Young, Kimberley. Gnrations Numriques, Des Enfants Mutants ? Science Humaines France Oct. 2013 52-55. Print.

No Drug Testing in the Workplace Essay -- legal issues, drug testing

Is it appropriate for employers to test staff for do mediciness or alcohol? How reliable are these results? Why should some star invade your privacy? Do drug testing determine your skills level for a job? What do drug testing in the work eviscerate prove? The arguments against drug testing are it is excessively invasive, may damage relations between employers and employees, and could hamper the recruitment and retention of good staff. In 1986 the Regan organisation recommended a drug-testing program for employers. In 1991 The Omnibus Transportation Employee testing act of 1991 were passed. It required mandatory drug testing in trucking and other industries. everywhere the past 25 years drug testing in the military has increase. Today, approximately 62% of all employers in the US have mandatory drug testing program. Drug testing in the work force have been a very controversial topic ever since. Drug testing should non be in the workplace since it does not measure on the job impa irment, do not prevent accidents and is an invasion of privacy.There is no clear turn out that drug testing at work has a significant deterrent effect. Drug testing is not a measure of current intoxication and pull up stakes reveal information about drug use that can have no impact on safety, productivity or performance. Drug testing is designed to detect and punish conduct that is usually engaged in off-duty and off the employers premises - that is, in private. Employers who conduct random drug tests on workers who are not suspected of using drugs are policing private behavior that has no impact on job performance. Someone may test positive after victorious a drug days, weeks or months before. People not generally required to organize their lives to maximize their productivity at work... ...ation and labor.Oversight hearing on drug testing in the workplace. Hearing before the sub- committee on Employment opportunities of the committee on Education and Labor, House of Representa tives.Durham, Robert, Eugene. Labor Education and Research center. operating theater Univ., and Others and problems in the workplace AIDS, Drug Testing, Sexual harassment, and Smoking Restrictions LERC Monograh series No. 7. SecondEdition. n.p. 1989. ERIC. Web. 2 Dec. 2013.Elliot, Karen, and Kyna Shelley. Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Behavior, Job Performance, And workplace safety. daybook of Employment Counseling 43.3 (2006) 130. ERIC. Web. 2 Dec. 2013One Hundredth Congress, Second Session n.p. 1988. ERIC. Web. 20 Nov. 2013.Zarlone, Tersa. Drug testing in the workplace is a sensitive issue. Caribbean occupancy 29.39. (2001) 38 Caribbean search. Web. 20 Nov. 2013

Death in Dickinsons I heard a Fly Buzz When I died Essay -- Emily Dic

Death in Dickinsons I heard a fly go when I diedEmily Dickinsons poem I heard a fly boil when I died is a reflection on what happens when one dies. In the poem, the utterer is waiting to die. It seems as though they argon expecting something spectacular to happen at the moment of their end. This spectacular event they are expecting does not happen.I heard a fly buzz when I diedBy Emily DickinsonI heard a fly buzz when I diedThe quietude round my formWas like the stillness in the airBetween the heaves of storm. The eyes beside had wrung them dry.And breaths were gathering sureFor that last onset, when the kingBe witnessed in his power. I willed my keepsakes, signed awayWhat put of me ICould make assignable,--and thenThere interposed a fly, With blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz,Between the light and meAnd then the windows failed, and thenI could not see to see.The speaker describes their situation on their expirybed. The sense of stillness in the air means that the speaker thi nks something important is about to happen when they die. Their mood is very solemn, and the still air brings a impression of tension. There is not yet a mention of the afterlife, just the speaker waiting for death. The stillness is described as between the heaves of storm, referring to the calm that sometimes occurs between storms. This is a very quite almost peaceful stillness, but there is a sign of more things to come. In this case, death is the storm they are waiting for after the calm. The speaker is expecting a big event to happen. As the speakers loved ones begin to mourn, there is a feeling that they too were gathering nigh to witness some spectacular event that would ... ...There is no large flash of light, no loud noises, just the open buzzing of a fly. Seeing death as a natural passing places man back in nature. There is no amazing flash of light, or deafening noise, or special K revelation. The choice of a fly as the interrupting entity reinforces the anti-climactic nature of death. Man passes into death the same as anything else in nature. The blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz of the fly implies that not even the buzz of the fly was meant to recognize the death of the speaker. The fly buzzes by because that is the nature of the fly. It did not stop its life for the death of the speaker. This can be seen as nature (the fly) realizing that death is not some incredible event, but a natural passing. Nature moves on, accepting the dead back into the earth. This reinforces that death, even the death of a human, is a simple passing.

Increase in Customer Influence on Businesses Essay -- Business, Logist

Increase in Customer Influence on Businesses and its Resultant Effect on Workers and Managers inceptionSo many factors have come together to make todays business environment very competitive and flexible at the analogous time. Customers now play a significant role in the production and delivery of both goods and services in the global market. Globalization has also do it possible for comparisons to take place between and amongst different markets, giving the customers knowledge (power) to make choices and demanding more value for their money. This stance of the customer goes a long charge to determine the performance of organizations this is because without the existence of customers to patronize the goods and/or services offered by businesses, there will be no need for these businesses to exist.Customer influence on businessesMore often than not, studies have examined the relationship behaviour between businesses and their customers from the business perspective with little or no attention to the customers perspective. As stated by Keillor et al (1999), for businesses to succeed in a highly competitive market environment, they must fundamentally understand and satisfy customer needs. Heskett et al (1993, 2003) as sited by Maxham J.G et al (2008) posited that the profit and revenue growth of an organization are a function of customer loyalty which stems from customer satisfaction. The key demands from customers as stated by Heskett and his colleagues are high quality goods/services and satisfactions. For customers to remain loyal to an organization, they must experience good value for their money and satisfaction. Akin to the performance and productivity take of an organization is the performance of the manager... ...ple Resourcing contemporary HRM in practice. 4th ed. London Prentice Hall InternationalShenkar, O. & Luo, Y. (2007) International business. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage PublicationsWu C.H et al (2008) Structural relationships among organizat ion service orientation, employee service performance and consumer identification the service industry journal vol 28(9) available from http//ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liv.ac.uk/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=04c840d7-ec91-4485-bb27-258e51dc1864%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=116Maxham J.G et al (2008) The Retail Value cooking stove linking employee perceptions to employee performance, customer evaluations and store performance. Marketing science journal, vol 27 (2) available from http//ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liv.ac.uk/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=e3d4fad3-61ea-4147-8854-dac1e71b41bf%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=116

Increase in Customer Influence on Businesses Essay -- Business, Logist

Increase in Customer Influence on Businesses and its Resultant Effect on Workers and ManagersIntroductionSo many factors have come together to make todays business environment very competitive and flexible at the same time. Customers right off play a significant role in the production and delivery of both goods and services in the global market. Globalization has also made it feasible for comparisons to take place between and amongst different markets, giving the clients knowledge (power) to make choices and demanding more value for their money. This stance of the customer goes a long way to dress the performance of makeups this is because without the existence of customers to patronize the goods and/or services offered by businesses, there will be no need for these businesses to exist.Customer influence on businesses more than often than not, studies have examined the relationship behaviour between businesses and their customers from the business perspective with little or no at tention to the customers perspective. As stated by Keillor et al (1999), for businesses to succeed in a highly competitive market environment, they must fundamentally understand and satisfy customer needs. Heskett et al (1993, 2003) as sited by Maxham J.G et al (2008) posited that the profit and revenue growth of an organization ar a function of customer loyalty which stems from customer satisfaction. The key demands from customers as stated by Heskett and his colleagues are high quality goods/services and satisfactions. For customers to remain loyal to an organization, they must experience good value for their money and satisfaction. Akin to the performance and productivity level of an organization is the performance of the manager... ...ple Resourcing contemporary HRM in practice. 4th ed. London Prentice Hall InternationalShenkar, O. & Luo, Y. (2007) International business. 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA Sage PublicationsWu C.H et al (2008) structural relationships among organizatio n service orientation, employee service performance and consumer identification the service industry journal vol 28(9) available from http//ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liv.ac.uk/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=04c840d7-ec91-4485-bb27-258e51dc1864%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=116Maxham J.G et al (2008) The Retail Value Chain linking employee perceptions to employee performance, customer evaluations and store performance. Marketing science journal, vol 27 (2) available from http//ehis.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.liv.ac.uk/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=e3d4fad3-61ea-4147-8854-dac1e71b41bf%40sessionmgr111&vid=1&hid=116

Paper on Population Control

In early years human population and population growth has not been an issue. This is because of the variety of unlike environmental factors. Sickness and sickness has played a large role in keeping human population under control since the beginning of time. It seemed that when a population would get over crowded an epidemic such as, the influenza or small pox would break out. This would drastically decrease the population comely that it would be under control again. Famine is another(prenominal) great controller of population.When a famine strikes an area only the few with enough food go out be able to reproduce or even survive. An examination of world population control would not be complete with out including war. War overly performs wonders at controlling population by murdering most men of child rearing age. In todays day and age, with our current technology increases disease outbreak and famine (except in some 3rd world countries) is not much of a factor any more. War is no t considered a validated population control method due to todays new wars.Without the three largest population controllers much of a factor anymore population is plain to run out of control. This provides us with an ever-increasing controversy this is whether political science or nine should dictate family size. I believe that society tush infringe indirect controls over family size, but these are considered more community norms as opposed to hard fast rules such as governments can set. Two ensamples will follow. First, we will flavor at our society. Yes, the USAs turn to no child and one child families. This was caused by society.Society pushes Americans to have successful careers both male and female. there has been a switch from families to careers. This not providing Americans with the time or means for multiple children, but cutting the number down to one or none. Another example of societys control, is the push in some Asian/Middle Eastern countries for a familys first child to be male. Even when there is no government regulation more cultures push for your first child to be male. This forces families to abort females and even murder them once they have been born.Once again this is a society/cultural push not a mandated rule. These instances are what different societies have created for themselves, when included in one of these societies it is hard to say whether it is right or wrong. I will first address the aspect that government should not control family size. First of all, it is a natural and religious right to produce offspring. Breed, multiply and inhabit has been the belief since the beginning of time. The idea is to grow population so that our beliefs and way of life may be spread and passed on. Who is government to take these right forth?Governmental control over family size goes against everything that the USA stands for. This would be an age-old idea called exemption. When a government starts dictating the kind and size of family a p erson can have. Almost all freedom is lost. Another topic briefly addressed above is the aborting and murdering of babies that arent male. A first hand example of this is China. China regulates or gives incentives to families that only produce one child. This is where the problem begins because most families want this child to be male. Male children are providers and will go out and join the functional world.They will be successful. Many female babies are aborted once sex is determined. If sex is not determined before birth, once born many female babies are aban maked or destroyed. This showing the cruelty that government controlled family size will push people to. Government should control family size because in most instances the general population can not handle this for themselves. A prime example of this is our already over crowded inner cities. People with chemical addictions and no financial means are cranking out babies right and left.They have no means of providing for al l of these children. Government currently provides for these under privileged children, that as cruel as it sounds, should not have been born. I have had a first hand example of this problem. A family friend in another take has adopted three crack babies from the same mother this mother is also on welfare. This certain mother is by no means an exception. China is another example of why government needs to control population. Look at the current problems that they are faced with because in previous years they have done nothing.Left uncontrolled, population will snowball out of control. Government needs to be aware of the ever -increasing population growth problem. I believe that or else that mandating how many children a family can have. They should educate its population on different means of birth control and possibly start providing for free. Especially in this commonwealth a harsher penalties needs to be imposed for chemical dependent mothers that become baby factories. An edu cation/management plan can be imposed allowing individuals the freedom to determine the number of children they desire to have.

Study case of High Rate of dropouts in highschool

I. Introduction A. Background of the study Drop out is defined as learning without a diploma and not completing its year course in the school. Its been known for years that children who do not accomplish a school diploma face many more enigmas later in life than people who graduated. They are more likely to be lazy lived in extreme poverty and achieved poor health. B. Statement of the problemLas Pias National High School failed to the lowest possible rate of dropout students. Based on the rate profile of the school, there are several(prenominal) factors and reasons that affect the students in the community. C. Significance of the storyThis study aims to know the reasons of the students why they leave school and scoping out slipway to resolve the problems stated in our full puissance. There are existing order that may help to solve the issue. There are existing ordinance that may help to solve the issue such as Education For All (EFA) is a vision and a holistic program of refor ms that aims at astir(p) the quality of basic education for every Filipino by the yearD. Scope and delimitation of the study This research focuses only on the reasons why students were dropped out and is express beyond any other fields.II. Body Based on the rate profile of Las Pias National High School, there are several factors and reason that affect the students in the community. Lack of Parent Engagement- it is one of the reasons why students choose to dropout because they want their parents attention but because their parents are ready to their work they cant give their full attention to them. And their child will not see the purpose of staying in or doing well in school.Poor Academic Performance- because students are being lazy, lazy in studying their lessons and being lazy to take down notes that leads to their poor academic performance. Financial- it is the most common problem why students choose to dropout because their parents cant support them for their needs in school. And because of that they would rather to work to supply for their needs. Personal Problems- here are the common issues take upTeenage Pregnancy- because they cant go to school with their pregnancy being obvious and the school cant tolerate their deeds. Bullying- one of the most honorable problem of the students because of the fear that they might get hurt physically and mentally that caused trauma to them. The high rate of the dropouts affects the image the school in such a way that even if they rank first in the National Achievement Test the teachers get less appraisal than what they supposed to have.Unlike to the school like Las Pias Science High School they got the full amount of appraisal because they dont have any records of dropout. And to take action the Guidance serve of Las Pias National High School make away to lessen the number of dropouts encouragement, community linkages, ALS, Open High, PEP Test and close monitor of students.

Answer Key for Effective Writing Essay

School purchasers may make copies for use by their staff and students. Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the Universitys heading of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in You must not circulate this book in any other blanket or cover and you must impose this same condition on any acquirer. 1 198 Madison Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA Oxford New York Auckland mantle Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offices inAny websites referred to in this publication are in the public domain and their addresses are provided by Oxford University Press for information only. Oxford University Press disclaims any responsibility for the content. oxford and o xford english are registered trademarks of Oxford University Press Executive publisher Janet Aitchison Senior Acquisitions Editor Pietro Alongi Associate Editor Scott All an Wallick Art Director Maj-Britt Hagsted Production Manager Shanta Persaud Production Controller Eve Wong Oxford University Press 2007 isbn 978- 0-19-430884-7 Database right Oxford University Press (maker) effectual Academic Writing 3 Answer Key an engineer . Both my mother and father were born in different countries, so my relatives are separate all over the world . I really like traveling and have been to Europe and Asia . Although we try to get together for important occasions, this was the first eon everyone could attend . Most importantly, my good friends had never met my relatives . Developing good friendships takes a lot of work . Watching them all dancing, laughing, and having a wonderful time will stay in my memory forever . The band we hired played music that the guests loved and we danced for hours .

Communication and Customer Service Essay

The time that I was not satisfied with a go is the time I rented movies at the local video store. My problem had nothing to with the experience or how I was treated during my rental. My complaint came the day after when I returned the movies. When I return movies I always bring them back hours before they are due and I either put them in the back push down off or the front drop off, I rarely go into the store to return them.It was around 1pm when the movies were returned and later on that day I got a phone call from the video store around 7pm with a message that my rentals were late. I told the employee that I returned them in the back drop off and to check it. well this same type of situation happened to me 3 weeks in a row. The 3rd time was the last straw so the next time I rented videos I made a complaint and told them how I felt and where I always drop the movies off when I return them.The complaint I made was delivered in a nice, peaceful verbal manner. Since then I have no p roblems with getting phone calls for movies that arent late. I spoke to the employee directly so therefor I didnt send them an email about my complaint. If I did send an email it would be an assertive communication style email. It would be written headmaster and state my expectations of the company. I would not label or judge anyone or the company in any way in the email.

kingdom of matthias Essay

Starting in the early 1600s English settlers began migrating to the Americas in search for liberty and the right to range themselves in what they deemed a Christian manner. doubting Thomas Morton, was one of the first to write ab forbidden the Indians of New England. He condemned their religious beliefs claiming it was similar to devil uniform worship. (VOF,4) The Native Americans were seen to be living a more than happier life even without religion, natural law and a king. This daunted Christian and they did not understand how this could be. Its written that they claim their prosperity was full of evil and they would premise a happier life once bought to Christianity.(VOF,6) I feel this is the last America sees of true religious independence. In reality, religious liberty existed in very some parts of the Atlantic world in during this time period. Most nations outlawed religious groups that rulers deems dangerous or disruptive. Among all the colonies, one that demonstrated rel igious granting immunity in a higher sense would be Maryland.Cecilius Calvert was a Catholic who wished to demonstrate that Protestants and Catholics could live in peace, something that was not seen in Europe. In 1649 Maryland open an Act Concerning Religion, which introduced religious tolerance, saying that anyone who troubled a Christian due to their religion would be punished.(VOF,27) I feel this allowed others to safely demonstrate religious freedom, just this is just one state among the colonies. During this time it was rare to have this type of true freedom. Like many settlers, the puritans came to American in search of liberty, and to govern themselves in what they deemed a Christian manner.(VOF,29) This is where Religious freedom loses the sense of freedom, because the puritans created their own definition of the word freedom. John Winthrop explains that freedom to them meant obedience to idols laws and the law of rulers such as himself.(VOF,29-30) Basically you can see that they are imposing their moral standards on society as a whole, denying anyone other than themselves of true religious freedom.Unlike what Maryland was trying to implement, this colony believed in follow their religion, or be punished, much like a wide array of colonies. A skin rash example of this would be the trial of Anne Hutchison in 1637. Hutchison was accused of expressing opinions that did not match up to those in authority.(VOF,33) The trial gives examples of how if you stray against what the government deems Gods word, then you would be punished. Hutchison argues that she is reciting what she believes God toldher is his word, and Governor John Winthrop, one of her accusers, argues that this is another religion and its punishable. (VOF,35-39) Because Hutchison followed her own beliefs she is banished from their society, clearly being stripped of her natural right of religious freedom.Based on examples like this, what religious freedom really meant was, do as I say or be punished. You can see this start to shift as time goes on, you can see people start to realize the damage this is putting on society and settlers, such as Roger Williams, begin to branch out and start new movement. Williams founded Providence, Rhode Island, and then came to publish a letter claiming that no one should be forced to follow any particular religious belief, but they should still obey the government in charge of civil matters. (VOF,40) This is what religious freedom should have been from the beginning.

Drivers: the Most Dangerous Types Essay

concord to the National way Traffic rubber Administration (NHTSA), approximately 6,800,000 car crashes occur in the linked States each year (Talking Points-Aggressive Driving Prosecutors Planner). Of the 6,800,000 crashes, substantial amounts are contributed by certain types of drivers. become more educated well-nigh driving and all the dangers that come along with it outhouse be beneficial in preventing some iodine else from becoming one of these statistics. Of vehicular crashes, three types of drivers contribute to the numbers the most aggressive, distracted, and young. First, aggressive drivers are one of the most dangerous drivers. According to the NHTSA, almost 13,000 people have been injured or killed since 1990 in car crashes caused by aggressive driving (Talking Points-Aggressive Driving Prosecutors Planner). There are a number of causes that provoke road rage. According to one survey, the number one thing that irked road raging drivers the most was when other drivers were talking on their cell phones (A Statistical Look into Road violence). Additionally, of those surveyed, 55 percent were annoyed by drivers who cut across traffic without paying attention (A Statistical Look into Road Rage). otherwise factors that provoke aggressive drivers are texting while driving, driving too fast, driving too slowly, and tailgating. Second, distracted drivers are also very dangerous on the roadways. According to the NHTSA, an estimated 448,000 people were injured in accidents where distracted driving was reported (Traffic Safety Facts). Further, the NHTSA reported that sixteen percent of fatal car accidents in 2009 mixed a distracted driver (Traffic Safety Facts). Drivers under the age of 20 compile the group of most distracted drivers. A lot of factors evasive action into distracted driving. According to the General Estimates System (GES) database from the NHTSA (Traffic Safety Facts), some of the things that distract drivers most are other occupants in the car, talking on or listening to a cellular device, adjusting the climate controls and/or radio, and eating/drinking (Traffic Safety Facts).As reported by the NHTSA, at any condition daylight moment across America, approximately 660,000 drivers are using their cell phones or other electronic devices while driving (What is Distracted Driving). Finally, the teenage driver can be quite dangerous. This includes drivers from ages 15 to 19. The risk of motor vehicle accidents is highest among this age group, more than any other age group, according to the total for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ( teen Drivers Fact Sheet). According to the NHTSA, this group accounts for almost 282,000 of the injured people involved in motor vehicle accidents (Teen Drivers Fact Sheet). Among teen drivers, the death rate for male drivers is almost two times higher than that of their female counterpart. Unsafe speeds are the in the lead contributor in accidents among teen drivers. Another contri buting factor is the fact that teens have poor hazard detection. Their lack of experience and skill contributes to this. As can be seen, there are several types of dangerous drivers. Aggressive drivers take out their frustration on other drivers, resulting in many accidents. Distracted drivers throw in themselves to become unfocused when their full attention should be on the road. Teenage drivers cause the majority of roadway accidents, mainly due to inexperience and lack of skill. Becoming more educated about ones own driving style and that of those around an individual can help someone to become a better, more cautious driver.Works CitedA Statistical Look into Road Rage. The Auto Insurance. The Auto Insurance, 2010. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Teen Drivers Fact Sheet. Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). USA.gov, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Talking Points-Aggressive Driving Pro secutors Planner. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). USA.gov, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). Traffic Safety Facts. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). USA.gov, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). What is Distracted Driving? National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA). USA.gov, n.d. Web. 31 Aug. 2013.

Review the Laws Related to Security and Privacy of Data Essay

Com readyer Mis determination Act 1990This act was introduced to prevent users hacking. This likewise stops them ledger entry a computer, programs or files without authorisation, this act is in place to prevent users to use the internet without permission to cause an act of crime and also prevents unauthorised modifications to a computer. This act does not allow any attacks on a server as this is under-the-counter. Hacking into a computer is not allowed as it can disrupt the teleph one and only(a) circuit as personal information can be stolen and also be used in crime, this can cause a problem in the businesses finance sector.Anyone who knowingly hacks into a computer with intent to distract information is going against this act. Anyone who misuses the computer in this way is going against the law as they are employ it for criminal acts. This act also does not allow anyone to use a fraudulent credit card or any opposite card to shamble a purchase via the internet. Hackers wh o overload networks with data to intently disable them can face a prison sentence for up to 10 years.This act makes it illegal for users to upload pornography of mostone and children as people forget find the offensive, having possession or viewing these types of cloths could get the user in to trouble by the law. Users must not use the computer to harass or stalk a particular person, it is also the same when making telephone conversations as the user can not use offensive or threatening language they can face a sixth month imprisonment.This allows the organisation to take go through and take top whats rightfully on that point and also punish the hacker as they are covered by this law, this bring a sense of auspices as this law ould put the hackers from obtaining information wrongly. Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 This is the current UK re-createright law which has been created since 1988, it get tos artist and creators of, musical and dramatic or any other artist h ave the right to restrainer their work, this allows them to have control over how their material is used, this right covers broadcast and public performance, copying, adapting, issuing, renting and lending copies to the public.It is not what has been created its the details within what has been created to be protected, for example if you have a idea for a book that would not be protected however the information and guinea pig within the book that is written ordain be protected. So someone else can write a book around your idea but they cannot copy your book or adapt your book to do so. This helps to protect security and privacy of data as it protects the effort money and time someone has put in to create their marrow, if this content is being copied the organisation give lose potential customers as someone is using their content to sell another harvest-home. hiding and compensation requirements of Data Protection Act 1984 1998 2000 This legislation first was written in 1984 th ere are updated version of this data protection act and the one that is used and most updated is the 2000 version, the 1998 version was a broadened and replaced the data protection act 1984, the main purpose for this law is that it gives rights and privacy of individuals, this ensure that their data is not processed without the creators knowledge and is only process with the consent of the artist. This act covers personal data relating to living individuals and protects sensitive personal data of that individual.This act covers data held in electronic formats. This has been changed as over time new technology and items are able to store data this is now updated so that it can cover these items as they leave contain sensitive and personal data to an individual. The 2000 version of this act contains added laws and have been updated. This protects the security of the individual as no one should be allowed to take snobby and sensitive data without the individual being aware of this. Copyrights This exclusive legal right that is given to the original artist to print, perform film, publish or destroy literary and authorize others to do so for heir material.This protects a physical expression of ideas , for example someone has an idea to write a book the content that is written in that book is covered by the copyright act as it will be unique to the creator. You do not involve to immortalize or claim copyright, this protection is automatic as soon as it is created. If someone steals information or wrongly sells other work or mental institution for their own financial benefit then this copy right act will protect the original creator and he can claim back the money that has been gained by the person who has taken the material without permission.This protects security and the use of private data as it does not allow anyone to take data or material without the author permission, if this does happen the user who has taken this material can be fined and prosecuted as the products does not belong to them, the author can also dissolve how his material has been used and if someone breaks his restriction they can also be prosecuted.Open SourceThis is software or material that is available with the source, this allows users to copy the material and modify the material, the reason for this is because the creators would believe that if someone can edit the material for themselves it will be more useful to another persona and will also allow less problems to occur if the source is available, so organisation believe that it should not be given and source should not be shown, they usually give the compiled version this is so others cannot copy their material and modify this.Open source means that it is available to any one and they can modify it however they want, doing this will improve the security for a material such as software as this source code has been given to the users it will be less belike that someone would want to hack it and modify the code as it is already available. This does have some restrictions as it would like to preserve the name and authors of the material.FreewareThis is software that is offered expel of charge and is downloadable off the internet, unthawware is different to shareware as shareware would require payment. Even though allowware is available it does have a license this would have restriction as some freeware would not want the user to alter the program, repackage it or sell the freeware, redistribution is allowed of freeware but cannot be distributed for money purposes. The creators want to ive something to the community but want to retain control of any future development of the software, this allows users to have the material without making changes and is free to the users, this makes there coding private and cannot be used however as it is free hackers would not bother to steal or resell this type of material as anyone can get it online for free, this makes the software more secure as there is no risk as it does not hold any value.SharewareThis usually is software that is distributed, this allows users to use the product and then pay for the product after the running play version has finished, you can then only continue to use the full version if you feel like the product is good to use but will have to pay to get the full version, the user will then be covered for registration and then support for the software if they purchase, once purchased surplus features are usually given as only who pay can have these.This is been protected under copyright, even though you are able to use this software without payment you are still restricted to what you are allowed to do with it which is selling this software or adding it to another. This allows users to use expensive and powerful software for free and a short period of time however will later need to pay as the trial reaches to its end. This relates to security and privacy as the creators do not mind users having a fu ll version for a short period as they may see as an advantage to sell their product later, copyright protects shareware as users cannot manipulate or sell their product.Commercial Software This is a software that is designed for sale to meet a commercial need for a user, this type of software is only allowed to be used for commercial purposes, this is software that you would usually see in the retailers in a physical corner and requires payment before it can be used, commercial software usually contain a registration key and when you purchase this you will acquire a licence to use it. You are still able to download commercial software and this can be often seen in sharewares.These are usually do available directly from the organisation website. This relates to security and privacy of data as the user has to purchase the software before they can use it as they will not receive a registration key not allowing them to use the software, this does make it a security risk as hackers wil l try to steal a registration key but the copyright act protects the organisation and can prosecute the hacker for stealing data from the organisation.

Nietzche’s Master and Slave Morality Essay

In Of the family tree of Morality, Nietzsche sought to provide context for what he saw as the central mensurate system of the society in which he lived break ones backside- ethics. Nietzsche saw ethics as broody of the conditions in which its proponents were brought up. He saw the roots of slave faith in oppression and slavery, and posits that it grew as a re exertionion to the morality of the tames of the sequence. What follows is a simplified account of Nietzsches police chief-slave dichotomy, and what he saw as the dire consequences for human progress should the pervasiveness of slave morality be allowed to remain at the expense of the master.I will argue that although religion and slave morality may have had signifi freightert influence in Nietzsches day, his fears ab show up the stagnation of mankind through its adherence to slave morality be magnified and largely un entraped. I will also briefly discuss the applicability of slave-master morality to contemporary li fe. Nietzsches account of master and slave morality springs from a time of actual master-slave relationships. Master morality is found in those who have the power to create t replacement decl atomic number 18 determine to live by, with let on the need for approval from others.In Nietzsches own words, the master honours everything he sees in himself. They understand themselves as having an integral cash in ones chips in the universe, as resembling a kind of god, and therefore see goodness in those attributes which they find in themselves, and goodness in the values they themselves create. They see no reason to refer to others or seek a nonher(prenominal)s approval. Nietzsches idea of the Master comes from nobleness, and so the central tenet of master morality is nobility that those attributes found in a noble person argon those that loafer be considered good.In master morality, a person is considered good if s/he is autonomous, strong-willed, brave, powerful, proud, able and hap py in themselves. They see inclemency as a pretermit of that which is good-that is, a lack of the noble characteristics. Co-dependence and conformity atomic number 18 bad because they are non autonomy, weakness is bad because it isnt strength, p everywherety is bad because it isnt wealth, cowardice is bad because it isnt bravery, and so on. The master respects his or her hierarchical equals, but the wellbeing of common folk is not his/her concern.The moral badness of the masters subordinate does not have a significant blow on the masters happiness or security, but only reinforces what he already knows that s/he is a vastly superior being than those under him/her. In terms of actions, master morality is consequentialist it judges the goodness of an action by its outcome. It is a morality of instinct and individualism, whereby the fulfilment of ones animal inclination is seen as a positive outcome no matter what actions were taken to notice this fulfilment. some(prenominal) ac tion which leads to a positive outcome is seen as being a good action.Any action which has negative consequences for the master is seen as being inherently bad, regardless of the intentions behind it. In practice, this morality glorifies self-regard, greed and unmercifulness because these attributes lead to the best outcomes for the person who displays them. Nietzsche sees the basis for his master archetype in the red-faced and brutal emperors, warriors and warlords in ancient imperial civilizations Roman, Arab, German, Japanese nobility, Homeric heroes, Scandinavian Vikings who represent the blond wildcat splendidly roaming around in its lust for loot and victory.Master moralists are rarely unhappy, as the main(a) goal of their actions is their own wellbeing and happiness. They are able enjoy to the fruits of their various conquests, unburdened by the weaknesses guiltiness or remorse. Slave morality could not exist without master morality, as it is first and fore virtually a r eaction to it, a revolt against it. Slave morality stems from ressentiment or resentment the slave feels towards the master. The master feels, at most, condescension or smug pity towards the slave.By contrast, the slave is consumed by hatred and bitterness towards the master, and sees the master as responsible for his or her misfortune. This resentment and bitterness leads to the slave adopting a mentality which demonises the master, and which holds up as good those attributes which are unlike that of the oppressor. Characteristics shown by the master are evil and goodness is seen in the traits which mate them, e. g. Humility, obedience, restraint, self-denial, modesty, patience and acceptance of ones fate.Slave morality does not aim for self-ascension or self-gratification. Its aims meat on utility the reduction of suffering for the greatest number of people. It sees evil in the self-aggrandizement and the ruthlessness and violence of the master. Where master morality is for the elite few, slave morality is a value system for the masses. The values inherent in slave morality, not coincidentally, are almost synonymous with Judeo-Christian moral ideals Judaism and Christianity were, in the past, religions of the poor and the oppressed.Nietzsche sees, in the reactionary nature of slave morality and its dishonest demonization of its oppressors, a desire to make slaves of the masters. Violence and vengefulness are anathema to slave morality, however, if the slave moralists can universalise their value system through religion, for example they can convince the masters that they are evil, and in doing so change magnitude their power and take revenge for past evils. Nietzsche sees slave morality, especially the universalisation of it through religion, as harmful and prejudicial to human progress.However, he does not see it as an unreasonable reaction to oppression, and suggests that the slave is in occurrence cleverer than the master, even if this cleverness i s often exercised through self-deception. In contrast to the consequentialism of master morality, slave morality can be seen as a deontological morality. It determines an actions goodness by looking at the role players intention to slave moralists, the ends do not, necessarily, justify the means. The nature of acts and their actors plays an important role in Nietzsches discussion of morality.Slaves believe in and strive for emptydom and see evil in the masters oppression of them, as they believe they perform these acts of oppression of their own free will. They believe that, because the masters are free agents, they should be held responsible for their actions and criticized for them. Nietzsche disputes this view, and demonstrates his argument using the analogy of the eagles and the give births That lambs dislike great shits of forgo does not come along strange only it gives no ground for reproaching these birds of prey for bearing off little lambs.And if the lambs say among t hemselves these birds of prey are evil and whoever is least like a bird of prey, but rather its opposite, a lamb would he not be good? there is no reason to find fault with this foot of an ideal, except perhaps that birds of prey might view it a little ironically and say we foundert dislike them at all, these good little lambs we even love them nothing is more flavourful. Nietzsche claims that asking masters to act with humility or restraint is akin to asking a bird of prey not to hunt to feed itself.He believes that slaves separate the being from the action and in doing so are able to condemn the masters for the supposed evils they perform. Nietzsche believes the slaves are dishonest in this, because the master acts in strength not because he wants to cause harm to the others, but because he is strong and powerful and should not be expected to act as if he is otherwise. It would be against the eagles nature to act against his own self-interest, and the same applies to the mast er.He believes the slaves are practicing self-deception in claiming goodness is theirs because they choose to be subaltern when, in fact, slaves are only humble and restrained because these traits were forced upon them through slavery, or through their own inherent weakness. He does not blame the slave for being this way the slave performs these acts of self-deception in order to survive and affirm his/her own existence as worthwhile but, again, sees the increasing prevalence of the slave mindset as harmful for society as a whole.He saw, in the democratic iron out for equality, a movement towards mediocrity and stagnation. Nietzsche saw the move towards democracy in the western world as a logical continuation of slave moralitys influence, calling the democratic movement the heir of the Christian movement. (BGE 151) The principle of equality on which democracy in based was profoundly unreasonable to Nietzsche, presumption the obvious inequalities within the human race.He believ ed that in order to enforce equality, strong men are lowered to the value of weak men, to the point where inhalation and ingenuity goes unrewarded and progress stagnates. He looks back on times of scarcity and warfare, when enterprise and domination were rewarded and respected because they were requisite. Now, the west has given itself over to a herd mentality, where such attributes are seen as dangerous and branded as immoral. When an individual does raise his or herself supra the herd through pipe dream or excellence, the communitys self-confidence is diminished.The herd takes reliever in the fact that, in their eyes and/or the eyes of their god, this individual must be immoral. Judeo-Christianity was the predominate religion in the west during the 19th century, and democracy did become the dominant political system during this time. However, although most of the sentiment behind it seems to hold true, there are flaws in Nietzsches argument that this is evidence of the overa rching word meaning of slave morality, and that this adoption created a stagnation of ambition or progress.Put simply, Nietzsche must argue the following(a) 1. Slave morality has triumphed over master morality in the west. 2. Progress stagnates under slave morality because excellence is not rewarded but condemned, 3. Progress has stagnated and excellence is condemned in contemporary western society. But we can look to the history of the late 19th century to see that the progress made in that time was not insignificant.The invention of the motor car, the telephone, the light bulb, among other things, is a sign that creativity and ambition was surely not altogether stifled. While democracy provided the political framework, capitalism (primarily an individualistic economic system) flourished and rewarded enterprise and ambition with money and influence. This shows one of two things to be true slave moralitys influence over western society was not as pervasive as Nietzsche claims OR its influence was not as damaging to human progress as he believed it was.If, as Nietzsche claims, master morality is a necessary condition for the advancement of society, it must not have been defeated entirely, for society was and is advancing. Nietzsches account of the master-slave dichotomy is more difficult still to apply to modern western society, although I doubt Nietzsche himself would try to do so. While our individual morality may still come from external sources, these days the sources are promising to be many and varied, rather than from a single religious viewpoint. Individual morality grows and evolves from experience.And while the horticulture of our society may endorse elements present in Nietzsches slave morality (compassion, modesty and patience, for example, are certainly not seen as bad things,) we also see a culture where achievement and ambition is not stifled but rewarded. We see celebration of athletes, who embody the strength, beauty and pride present in a Nietzschean master. We want our leaders to be honest, active, strong willed and brave, but raise concern if they are seen to lack compassion, or are too boastful, or do not seek to reduce suffering.Nietzsches Genealogy is convincing in its methodological approach to understanding the opposing moralities it discusses. It is logical that masters, the strong and elite, should seek no comfort or endorsement from external sources when they have total faith in themselves. That slaves sought out comfort in a morality based in religion, which holds up piousness and selflessness as virtues, makes sense as a survival strategy and as a way for these slaves to carve out meaning in their difficult lives.In discussing the impact on society in his time, Nietzsche despairs that of these two moralities, the slaves are winning, through the growth of democracy throughout the west. Perhaps, instead, the growth of democracy led to an evolution of western morality. through with(predicate) the evolution of our class system beyond master and slave, our culture has become more multifaceted. Our relations with those above and below us has become more nuanced, and so too has our morality.

Jack London Questions and Essay on “To Build a Fire” Essay

1. What does survival of the fittest mean, and where does the phrase come from? extract of the fittest means that species or race with the best acquired characteristics would survive. And the phrase comes from one of the authors that most influenced capital of the United Kingdom, Herbert Spencer.2. What is heartyism? Why was capital of the United Kingdom attracted to it?Socialism is an economic system in which the means of prediction are owned and controlled by the works class. And capital of the United Kingdom was attracted to it because of his experience in life gave him an insight into the terrible effects of poverty on muckle who had no political power.3. What is sociable Darwinism? What were its origins and how did London interpret this philosophy? Social Darwinism was a late nineteenth century sociological theory which was primarily based on the writings of Herbert Spencer, which they originated from his writings as rise up. And London interpret this philosophy, London inte rpreted his philosophy as thinking that the Anglo-axon where superior to everyone. PART 21. What is the backdrop of the score?The layer to configuration a fire takes place in Yukon in Northwestern Canada, in the winter when the hu valets starts come on to make his way to a mining camp at homogeneous around 9 AM in the morning and whatnot.2. What is the central conflict of the level? What is the source of the dispute?The central conflict of the horizontal surface is that the man is stuck and lost out in the wild, and he is rapidly inherited frost bite on his body(fingers and reach) and he is trying to survive without a companion out in the wild, and I think the source of the struggle is that he didnt realize a companion that could have helped him throughout the story because he felt like he didnt need one, even though he was told that it is unsafe to go out in those lands without a companion.3. What happens to Tom Vincent at the last of the story? What does he learn? At the end of the story Tom Vincent fin everyy gets a fire started and makes a sacrifice of burning his hands because of the frost bite condition, so he goes through the pain to free his life, because he thinks that no hands is let out than no life, and the he keeps on rubbing his feet and warming his hands for I believe three hours, and the very next day he pitifully lips to the cherry brook camp and learns that you shouldnt travel alone.PART 31. What happens to the central character at the end of the heartbeat version? At the end of the second version the central character which I believe is the man, dies because of him freezing to termination beside his dog, but the dog fortunately does not die.2. Which one of these outcomes do you think more distinctly meets the conventions of naturalism? Be sure to consider the theory of determinism as you list your reasons. I think that out of both the endings, that ending two clearly meets the conventions of naturalism more because natu ral laws overcomes the man, by killing him which in a way shows that very little importance the man offer overcome his death. And also in the second version the man does not have a name which shows how little importance the man is to jack London as a unique person and whatnot. I think that the second ending has an aspect of determinism in fate, which plays an unpleasant part in the mans death.Focus Question How does To take a leak a Fire illustrate the elements of naturalistic literature?To pee-pee a fire By shucks London illustrates the elements of naturalistic literature in many ways throughout the second version of the story which was written in 1908, because of Jack London trying to portray across the ideas of naturalistic literature and whatnot. naturalistic literature was a literary movement during the 1880s and 1940s that used realism to suggest that social conditions, heredity, and environment has inescapable force in shaping a human character. It wanted to represent a picture of literary movement that replicated a believable everyday reality unlike romanticism and surrealism which represent idealistic and of the supernatural. Naturalism is usually defined as the philosophical conclusion that the only reality is nature. there are also many varieties of naturalism. And in the story To build a fire the man views death as a part of nature that cannot be stopped at all, which is one of the reasons why To build a fire is a great theoretical account of naturalistic literature, determinism, and social Darwinism as well. Jack London was an author who grew up in poverty because of his fathers absence in his life and of his grows as well. He was born on January 12, 1876 in San Francisco, rise by his mother and timbre father, John London. He left school at the age of 14 then later adopted the socialistic views as a member of protest armies of the unemployed.He was even arrested in 1894 in Niagara travel and jailed for vagrancy. He educated himself in p ublic libraries and at 19 he gained admittance to the University of calcium at Berkeley. His life was much laid out with obstacles and depression of some sort, but all this influenced his communism and naturalistic literature which later helped him become one of the most important authors. Characteristics of naturalistic fiction, which in to build a fire was the man, attempt to control their own lives, but are usually threated by right(prenominal) forces, which was the environment in the story. They also have settings that tend to be dark, harsh, and are sometimes urban. In the story it would be Yukon which is showed as a hard, frigorific, dark place.They also often deal with brutality as well as struggle for survival, like how the man tried to survive by trying to build a fire and even trying to eat his dog. They also generally build their work around the concept of determinism. Determinism means that people are at mercy of the forces beyond their control, like nature in the sto ry. Thats why to build a fire has so many characteristics of naturalism literature. But in the story naturalism literature is most shown in how the man doesnt overcome the environment because its already written by the circumstances of the environment that he will die because of such harsh cold temperature. And determinism is expressed through the mans desire to the fire even though he is confront with horrible odds.Day has broken cold and grey, exceedingly cold and grey, shows how cold the day was which is an example of nature against both the man and the dog is. Another good example of how the story gives out a naturalist basis is when the mad describes powder frost and crystalized breath which is an element showing that you can use to picture the realness of the story, because you can imagine what it would be like to see your breath stymie before your spit freezes before actually hitting the ground.I also found that To build a fire also illustrates social Darwinism because of ho w both the man and the dog end up at the end of the story. At the end of the story the man dies because his biology and naturalistic environment dont pull up stakes him to survive. Herbert spencer first coined the phrase survival of the fittest which jack London in my opinion illustrates in the story.An example of it would be how the dog survives instead of the man I think it would survive because of its fur coat, and its ability to survive better in such environment. The dog acquired the best characteristics that helped him survive unlike the man who dies freezing. All in all I think that to build a fire by Jack London does illustrate determinism, social Darwinism and naturalism literature, from him trying to survive by building a fire to how the dog survived instead of the man because of his biology.

Randy Pausch, Speaking Skills Essay

When faced with the knowledge that you are close to to do something you love for the refinement time, how would you react? When ruttish Pausch, a virtual design professor at the University of Carnegie Mellon was given the diagnosis of colorful cancer with only a few months to live, he knew that everything he did would be the last time he did it. turned on(predicate) chose his last lecture to be an inspiring trisolelye to his demeanor and the people who made it everything he wanted it to be. His incredible speech is delivered so full of life, that it is hard to imagine that he is practically walkway to his deathbed.So besides his predicament, what made Pauschs speech so moving? His passion for the topic gave him life onstage, the intricate design of the speech intertwined his ideas kept the audience captive darn his usage of jokes connected him with the audience. in the public eye(predicate) speaking was obviously a strength for Pausch and by studying his techniques, we improv e on our own colloquy in all aspects of the verb. We start by analyzing his passion for the topic boorhood dreams. As a child, Randy had things in his life he wanted to accomplish.While not everything on his list was done by the book, he still found worth in everything he gained from the pursuit. This was something that Pausch cared deeply about. His body language and sense of smell was just as powerful as his words. When Randy was speaking, his voice reflected the way he felt about his topic. When he intended on being sincere, his voice slowed and lowered. The emphasis spearheads impactful words and phrases. When he made jokes, he would smile as he got to the punch line and there would be a sense of insouciance in his voice.Putting emotion into your appearance and sound gives your words strength. As a species, we put so much emphasis on these that it is more than half of a conversation. Now to focus on his validation. The organization of what you are trying to say is grand wh en it comes to come oning a persons attention. When people move around confused, they make the internal decision to tune out the conversation than attempt to organize it themselves. So it is important to be direct and solid with your statements when you tell stories and give instructions.All of Randys sorties and jokes were easy to insure and direct. Something that Pausch did that was very creative was his use of foreshadowing. The photo of him and his siblings on the Alice ride at Disney as a child connected well with the program he designed later in life as a professor. Furthermore, he made that it apparent to his audience that may not have originally seen the connection by stating it was a foreshadowing moment. By leaving the story open-ended until a later time in his lecture, he captured the interest of people who didnt know him prior by intriguing them with a mystery. then(prenominal) to people who did understand, it was a fun and heartwarming connection. The point of using foreshadowing and other organization techniques is to keep the brain occupied and attentive. Pausch does an excellent job of this. Despite Pauschs tragic diagnosis, the man stands strong with a positive outlook on life. His ability to be realistic about his condition commands respect while his lightheartedness gives shows us that he is at peace with his fate. Pausch involves the audience, speaking to them directly as if he is obviously in an extensively long conversation.His jokes are sweet and good hearted. Some jokes are more general, but a few were very personal. These were about specific times and people in his life that he feels were important. By letting the audience into his life this way, he gave them a friendly feeling. Although I never met the man, by the end of his lecture I felt as though he was a close friend. purely by using his record, he reels the audience in. Randy captivated much more than his friends, he excite complete strangers even years after his passing.I would like to give a thank you to the Youtube website. Randys memory is preserved forever and is available to millions. I appreciate the opportunity to be loose to such an honorable person. Randy had passion for the classroom, and passion for life. His organization and direct statements gave clarity and direction to his thoughts. Then, his personality and humor brought the audience into his life. He connected with people on a level of friendship which was implausibly moving. I most definitely enjoyed watching him and wish his family love and happiness.

Pharmacophore development for identification of anti-lung cancer drugs Essay

Lung pubic louse is one particular caseful of malignant neoplastic disease that is more deadly and vulgar than any other(a). Lung pubic louse is treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery depending on the type of lung senscer and the stage of the disease. Focusing on the drugs use for chemotherapy and their associated side effects, there is a need to endeavor and develop new anti-lung crabby person drugs with lesser side effects and improved efficacy. Pharmacophore type proves to be a very helpful tool serving in the designing and development of new lead escalates. In this paper, pharmacophore of 10 novel anti-lung cancer fluxs has been identified and validated for the first time.Using LigandScout the pharmacophore gasconades were predicted and 3D pharmacophore possess been extracted via VMD softw be. A readiness practise data was roll up from literature and the proposed moulding was applied to the training set whereby confirmatory and verifying their meterized activity as that of the most active unites. Therefore they could be recommended for further studies. place words Pharmacophore, anti-lung cancer drugs, Computer help drug designing, LigandScout, VMD INTRODUCTIONLung cancer is known to have a high fatality rate among males and females and takes more lives each year as compared to colon, prostate, ovarian and breast cancers (1).Lung cancer is classified into both main types c every uply Small Cell Lung crab louse (SCLC) and Non-Small Cell Lung crabby person (NSCLC) of which NSCLC accounts for to the highest degree 80% cases and SCLC accounts for 10-15% among all other types of lung cancers (2).Non-small cellular telephone lung cancer (NSCLC) is a worldwide leading cause of oddment (3). The surgical resections are not applicable when first diagnosed as NSCLC is usually in an travel stage. The diligent may have a possibility of prolonging extract with chemotherapy (4). Chemotherapy for advanced NSCLC is often consi dered excessively toxic. However, meta-analyses have demonstrate that as compared with collateral care, chemotherapy results in a small improvement in survival in patients with advanced NSCLC (5).*Corresponding author. Emaildrhamidjinnah.edu.pkAbbreviations HBA, hydrogen- adherence acceptor,HBD, hydrogen-bond donor, NSCLC, Non-small cell lung cancer, SCLC, Small Cell Lung Cancer, EGFR Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor.Drugs developed for cancer are star agents although for the maximum advantage they need to be utilise in recipe with other drugs or therapeutic agents. Initial candidate chemicals or leads, are often recognized and tested for single agents that change cancer-cell pro life storyration or prolong survival. This led to the identification of most of the clinically active cancer drugs used today. Specific leads then must be further optimized and assessed to characterize their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties and evident toxic effects. Clinical evaluation i s performed by trails in humans to identify a maximum tolerated dose, define severe toxic effects, and envision bioactivity. These trails are time consuming and expensive (6).Pharmacophore is the initial step towards spirit the interaction between a receptor and a ligand. Pharmacophore was often postulated as the essence of the structure-activity knowledge they had gained(7).Todays researcher task is to understand the binding of anatomically varied molecules at a common receptor site. To generate common feature pharmacophore from the set of sharpens active for certain receptor, the characteristics necessary for binding receptor in a generalized way(8). The understanding of the common properties of binding group is vital for the determination of the type of inhibitor binding the target.Pharmacophore model is very well-provided for attaining this goal. Surface of the cell are the regions where the ligand-receptor and receptor-receptor interaction occur. The process undergo Sequen tial levels of activity starts initiallyfrom the cell surface and then moves towards the intracellular signaling pathways, then gene transcription which corresponds to cellular responses. Epidermal produce factor out receptor (EGFR) was initially identified as an abnormally activated or mutated form which leads to a number of other abnormalities in the signaling pathway and hence leads to the formation of tumor (9).In our research, a 3D pharmacophore model was developed in order to promote the discovery of precise and effective EGFR inhibitor for the discourse of non-small cell lung cancer. The compounds used in this study have been characterized as reported in reference papers. In order to correlate experimental and computational studies we used their bioactivity data.MATERIALS AND METHODSThe work was initiated using LigandScout software. LigandScout is a tool for derivation the 3D from structural data of ligand complexes more speedily and evidently in a completely alter and e xpedient way. It offers flawless workflow both from ligand and structure based pharmacophore modeling (10). LigandScout is thought to be an demand software tool for structure based drug designing, it is not only beneficial for carrying out abridgment of binding sites but also for alignment based on pharmacophore and the designing of shared feature pharmacophores. LigandScout runs freely on all common operating systems.Tilldateanumberofsuccessfulapplications programmeexampleshavebeencarried out and standpublished (11).The very important and the very first step in pharmacophore model extension is the selection of data set compounds.Anumberofdrugs have been reported that are in or so way related to, or used in the treatment of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer which include Platinol(generic name cisplatin)( 12),carboplatin, Taxotere(generic name docetaxel), Gemzar(generic name gemcitabine) ,Taxol(generic name paclitaxel) , Almita(generic name pemetrexed), Avastin(genericnameBevacizumab), Xalkori(generic nameCrizotinib),Navelbine(generic name vinorelbine , Iressa(generic name Gefitinib) and Terceva(generic name Erlotinib) (13)( 14)( 15).The two dimensional (2D) chemical structures of the compounds were drawn using ChemDraw Ultra (8.0) and the structures were saved as .Pdb files. Subsequently the 2D structures as set upn below ( Figure 1) in the form of Pdb files were imported into LigandScout and converted into corresponding 3D pharmacophore structures.CisplatinPemetrexedDocetaxelBevacizumabViblastineCarboplatinGemcitabineCrizotinibGefitinibPaclitaxelVinorelbineErlotinibHydrochlorideFigure 1. 2D structures of selected data set of anti non small lung cancer The pharmacophoric features include H-bond donor, H-bond acceptor, Hydrophobic, redolent, positively and negatively ionizable groups (16).The pharmacophore for each compound was generated and thedistances among the pharmacophoric features were calculated using VMD software. VMD is designed not only for modeling, v isualization, and analysis of biological systems such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipide bilayer assemblies but it may also be used to view more general molecules, as VMD can read commonplace Protein Data Bank (PDB) files and display the contained structure with their features. A number of application examples have been published to date (17). Once the pharmacophore of all the compounds were identified, the ligand was then super imposed so the pharmacophore elements overlap and a common template i-e the pharmacophore model is identified. The training set consisting of four compounds was collected from literature and it was found that the groups show enhanced and similar activity as that of the most active compounds based on the 3D pharmacophore organism generated for non small lung cancer.RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONPharmacophore analysis is considered as an fundamental part of drug design. The pharmacophore generated by LigandScout for the selected data set of antinon small cell lung ca ncer showed trio main features i-e H-bond acceptor(blue vectors), H-bond donor(blue vectors) and redolent(p) rings(yellow spheres).The representative pharacophores of each compound are shown in Figures 2,3,4 and 5Figure 2. A pharmacophore of Pemetrexed (Alimta)The pharmacophoric features for each compound on the whole are shown in fudge 1.The pharmacophores of all the compounds were then matched and a unique pharmacophore was identified after a detail analysis.Figure 3 . A pharmacophore of BevacizumabFigure 4 . A pharmacophore of Gemcitabine (Gemzar)On the whole, the representative pharmacophoric features for each compound are shown in Table 2.Resembling features were identified after analyzing the pharmacophore of all compounds generated by LigandScout. Then the similar features of all the compounds were superimposed and merged into single pharmacophore. The uniquely identified pharmacophoric features are shown in Table 3.Figure 5. A pharmacophore of GefitinibOur common feature d pharmacophore predicted for three compound of anti non small lung cancer is based on three HBAs, six HBDs and four aromatic centers. The distance trilateral measured between the common pharmacophore features of each compound using VMD is shown in Table 4.The distance ranges from minimum to maximum and have measured between the HBA and HBD,HBA and aromatic ring and HBD and aromatic ring.Table 1. Pharmacophoric features of each compoundCompoundsH-Bond DonorH-Bond Acceptor smelling(p) CentrePaclitaxel+++Pemetrexed+++Bevacizumab+++Carboplatin+++Crizotinib+++Erlotinib Hydrocholride+++Gefitinib+++Gemcitabine+++Methotrexate+++The distances among the common pharmacophoric features between the predicted pharmacophore are shown in Figure 6. The distances between aromatic ring and HBD range from 4.15-4.80, between aromatic rings to HBA range from 7.03-8.66 and between HBA to HBD range from 5.85-6.97. Table 2. Pharmacophoric features of each compoundCompoundH-Bond DonorH-BondAcceptorAromatic CentrePaclitaxel462Pemetrexed363Bevacizumab231Carboplatin030Crizotinib243Erlotinib Hydrocholride263Gefitinib264Gemcitabine372Methotrexate393Table 3. Uniquely identified pharmacophoric features of compoundsCompoundBevacizumabPemetrexedGefitinibH-BondDonor23H-BondAcceptor3626AromaticCentre134A training set of three compounds was collected from literature i-e MethyNonanoate, MMDA, Flavopirido(18).The generated 3D pharmacophore model was applied to the training set whereby validating and verifying their enhanced and similar activity as that of the standard compounds shown in Table 5. This further confirmed our observation and proposals for a pharmacophore model as it corresponds to the predicted pharmacophore.Table 4.Pharmacophoric triangle distances of each uniquely identified compounds CompoundsAcceptor Aromatic goAromatic Ring DonorDonor AcceptorGefitinib7.104.766.97Pemetrexed7.034.155.85Bevacizumab8.144.296.36Figure 6. Distance ranges among pharmacophoric features in predicted pha rmacophore To support the suggested pharmacophore model , distance was estimated. The predicted distance of the training set and the standard drugs respectively are shown in Table 6.This table shows the close resemblance of Flavopiridol with that of standard drugs whereby validating that the compound shows high correlation with the predicted pharmacophoric triangle hence having similar activity.Table 5. The distance triangle for compounds of the training set ModelAcceptor Aromatic RingAromatic Ring DonorDonor AcceptorMMDA5.995.525.95Flavopiridol7.014.04, 46.18MethyNonanoate4.017.602.24Table 6. The 3D pharmacophoric distance triangle of the training set and the standard drugs respectively Model meter DrugsTraining SetAcceptor Aromatic Ring7.37-8.847.01-8.96Aromatic Ring Donor4.39-4.894.04-4.62Donor Acceptor6.18-6.976.18-6.64CONCLUSIONThe pharmacophore model is a very handy tool for new lead compounds discovery and development. In this study pharmacophore models were reinforced for no vel drugs of non small lung cancer, pharmacophoric features were predicted and 3D pharmacophore has been generated for non small lung cancer. A triangle of three different classes has been selected for pharmacophore and Hydrogen bond Acceptor, Hydrogen bond Donor and Hydrophobic character of standard drugs have been filtered out as delineate pharmacophoric feature.The generated model was applied to the training set and it has been validated and proposed that Flavopiridol shows similar enhanced activity as that of standard drugs, hence could be used for further studies. Moreover Pharmachopore based docking will be used for virtual screening and designing of some noveldrugsfornonsmalllungcancerincontinuationofthiswork.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTSWe owe special thanks to Dr. Hamid Rashid, Ms. Saima Kalsoom , Faculty Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Islamabad for support and supervision in the research work. REFERENCES1.Thomas L, Doyle LA, Edelman MJ. Lung cancer in women emerging differences in ep idemiology, biology, and therapy. Chest. 2005128370-381.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.13.14.15.16.17.18.Molina JR, Yang P, Cassivi SD, Schild SE, Adjei AA. Non-small cell lung cancer epidemiology, risk factors, treatment, and survivorship. Mayo Clin Proc. 2008 83(5)584-594. Ginsberg RJ, Vokes EE, Raben A. Non-small cell lung cancer. In DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA, eds. Cancer principles and practice of oncology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA Lippincott-Raven, 1997858 910Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Collaborative Group. Chemotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer a metaanalysis using updated data on individual patients from 52 randomised clinical trials. BMJ 1995 311899 909Rapp E, Pater JL, Willan A, et al. Chemotherapy can prolong survival in patients with advanced nonsmall-cell lung cancer report of a Canadian multicenter randomized trial. J Clin Oncol 19886633-41. Sridhar Ramaswamy, M.D. clear-sighted Design of Cancer-Drug Combinations, 2007. Peter Gund Evolution of the Pharmacophore Concept in Pharmaceutical Research. Pharmacopeia Inc., Princeton, New Jersey.Omoshile O. Clement and Adrea epitome Mehl. HipHop Pharmacophores based on multiple commonfeature alignments. Molecular Simulation Inc. San Diego, California,2000 Mendelsohn J, Baselga J. The EGF receptor family as targets for cancer therapy. Oncogene 2000 19 655065.Drc A Review of LigandScout, 2008Wolber, G. Langer, T. LigandScout 3-D Pharmacophores Derived from Protein-Bound Ligands and Their Use as Virtual Screening Filters. J. Chem. Inf. Model 2005 45(1) 160-169. Quality of life and survival in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer receiving supportive care plus chemotherapy with carboplatin and etoposide or supportive care only. A multicentre randomised phase three trial. Joint Lung Cancer Study Group. Helsing M, Bergman B, Thaning L, Hero U Eur J Cancer. 1998 Jun 34(7)1036-44.NSCLC Meta-Analyses Collaborative Group (October 2008). Chemotherapy in Addition to Supportive Care Improves Surv ival in in advance(p) NonSmall-Cell Lung Cancer A Systematic Review and MetaAnalysis of Individual Patient Data From 16 Randomized Controlled Trials. J. Clin. Oncol. 26 (28) 4617 25. doi10.1200/JCO.2008.17.7162. PMC 2653127. PMID 18678835. Curran WJ Jr, Paulus R, Langer CJ, et al. Sequential vs. concurrent chemoradiation for stage III non-small cell lung cancer randomized phase III trial RTOG 9410. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011103(19)1452-60. Lynch TJ, Bell DW, Sordella R. Activating mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor underlying responsiveness of non-small-cell lung cancer to gefitinib. N Engl J Med. May 20 2004350(21)2129-39. Kapetanoic,I.M., 2008. Computer aided Drug discovery and development insilico-chemico-biological approach. chem. Biol. Interact. 171, 165-176Huang, Xiaoqin, Zheng, Guangrong, Zhani, Chang-Guo Microscopic Binding of M5 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor with Antagonists by Homology Modeling, Molecular Docking, and Molecular kinetics Simulation journa l of physical chemistry b, 116532-541, JAN 12 2012 2012 Bose P, Perkins EB, Honeycut C, Wellons MD, Stefan T, Jacobberger JW, Kontopodis E, Beumer JH, Egorin MJ, Imamura CK, Douglas Figg W Sr, Karp JE, Koc ON, Cooper BW, Luger SM, Colevas AD, Roberts JD, Grant S. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2012 69(6)1657-67. doi 10.1007/s00280-012-18395. Epub 2012 Feb 15.PMID

My Favorite Actor Tom Hanks

My pet puzzle outor I never thought about that actor I liked exclusively afterward analyzing it I think the actor that I like and that caught my attention since I was young is Tom Hanks because he was a collogue student that go steadymed to have no future in acting and he was not genuinely good on his classes in theater, I leaned that he was innate(p) in Concord California his childishness was like a normal kid with, divorced parents his gravel was descendant of British and his mom Lusitanian descent.Hanks was a precise shy boy, so the theater classes in high school were as a refuge since he was not popular in school. interestingly later he continued in theater while studying in California Chabot College. He had no acting experience in college and, in fact, credits the fact that he couldnt get purify in a college play with rattling starting his career. He went downtown, auditi superstard for a community theater play, was invited by the director of that play to go to C ta keand, and on that point his acting career started.His prototypic TV figure comprehend Buddies (1980) where he meet his second married wo human beings the actrees Rita Wilson. I facilitate remember when I went to the cinema to see this film Splash seemed formidable. I still remember the beautiful mermaid, in those years I form it in credible. I also demand to mention that seemed to me something like that with the hit movie Big, Joe Versus the Volcano or Bachelor Party (these last cardinal do not remember very well but they were commented in the 80s)Tom Hanks was typecast in the honk of movies comic actor or light and family, no one thought that was going to perform as well in a spot as Philladelphia in the role of a gay man dying of AIDS is very well played, was really very believable the character that Tom Hanks in this role that I play in Philladelphia, again showed his acting discipline to lose weight for characterization, to show a man really damaged by this unutterab le disease.Another famous movie .. where he showed his smashing talent as an actor was Forrest Gump Fascinate how developing the role of a man with some level of mental retardation, the posture, the faces, the accent. Simply stunning. I also learned that after filming The Green Mille filmed the first part of the movie Cast Away then began a strict diet after which disoriented more than 30 pounds of weight, grew a beard and began a regale of tanning to continue filming.This information seemed primal to emphasize that not besides is the dress up for memorizing dialogues and act but also how hard it to be the be on diets either to lower or hiking a character to represent adequately. sure as shooting caught my attention in this movie than most of it we see yet one man talking to a volley ball (Wilson is unforgettable) Almost the entire sequence of the island, no background music you hear only the sound of the sea. The island is totally inhospitable boring and lonely.Hanks is cap able of a performance in which not fill anything more than himself hallucinating talking to Wilson. To maintain the film in a high level. of a punctilious man . The escorter really believe when he is algophobic and the things he does with his character of a punctilious man, when he goes crazy for the toothache, when sick of being alone, when he has the come across of a hermit and hardened man, when melancholy the loss a human symbol In my view his work was very well done.My Favorite Actor Tom HanksMy Favorite Actor I never thought about that actor I liked but after analyzing it I think the actor that I like and that caught my attention since I was young is Tom Hanks because he was a collogue student that seemed to have no future in acting and he was not very good on his classes in theater, I leaned that he was born in Concord California his childhood was like a normal kid with, divorced parents his father was descendant of British and his mom Portuguese descent.Hanks was a very shy boy, so the theater classes in high school were as a refuge since he was not popular in school. Interestingly later he continued in theater while studying in California Chabot College. He had no acting experience in college and, in fact, credits the fact that he couldnt get cast in a college play with actually starting his career. He went downtown, auditioned for a community theater play, was invited by the director of that play to go to Cleveland, and there his acting career started.His first TV show Bosom Buddies (1980) where he meet his second wife the actrees Rita Wilson. I still remember when I went to the cinema to see this film Splash seemed formidable. I still remember the beautiful mermaid, in those years I found it in credible. I also want to mention that seemed to me something like that with the hit movie Big, Joe Versus the Volcano or Bachelor Party (these last two do not remember very well but they were commented in the 80s)Tom Hanks was typecast in the roll of mov ies comic actor or light and family, no one thought that was going to perform as well in a role as Philladelphia in the role of a gay man dying of AIDS is very well played, was really very believable the character that Tom Hanks in this role that I play in Philladelphia, again showed his acting discipline to lose weight for characterization, to show a man really damaged by this terrible disease.Another famous movie .. where he showed his great talent as an actor was Forrest Gump Fascinate how developing the role of a man with some level of mental retardation, the posture, the faces, the accent. Simply stunning. I also learned that after filming The Green Mille filmed the first part of the movie Cast Away then began a strict diet after which lost more than 30 pounds of weight, grew a beard and began a process of tanning to continue filming.This information seemed important to emphasize that not only is the dress up for memorizing dialogues and act but also how hard it to be the be on diets either to lower or raise a character to represent adequately. Certainly caught my attention in this movie than most of it we see only one man talking to a volley ball (Wilson is unforgettable) Almost the entire sequence of the island, no background music you hear only the sound of the sea. The island is totally inhospitable boring and lonely.Hanks is capable of a performance in which not need anything more than himself hallucinating talking to Wilson. To maintain the film in a high level. of a meticulous man . The viewer really believe when he is afraid and the things he does with his character of a meticulous man, when he goes crazy for the toothache, when sick of being alone, when he has the look of a hermit and hardened man, when mourning the loss a human symbol In my view his work was very well done.

Analyse a text connected with your degree subject (which is Film and Essay

Analyse a schoolbook connected with your degree subject (which is Film and TV Studies) by applying the ideas of Marx and Althusser - Essay Examplewhat Marx has said some History in his book The holy family, or Critique of critical criticism (1844), Generic thinks it should be understood that cinema doesnt make itself, cinema isnt made for itself, cinema is made by and for us. Films relation to the set becomes a question of how to understand its situation as a medium capable of reaching galore(postnominal) millions of people, potentially disparate in place and time. (Generic. 2006). In todays world, cinema is still wholeness of the most influential medium to reach a large mass of people across the world. whole the social, political, cultural and ideological issues which engender, or could have created raves in the history of human beings are dealt from a ordinary or unusual perspective in cinema. A section of people use this medium to tell their ideas and beliefs on a particu lar topic which sometimes collide with the established school of thoughts, and sometimes greatly accepted. The underlying discussion on the above-mentioned book focuses specifically on the aspect of feminism in line with the perceptions of Karl Marx and Louis Althusser.Marxs ideology of history being the struggle between classes is also applicable in the history of feminism. Women as a dominated class have struggled for identity and existence against the male class. They have fought for their freedom from patriarchal control, for their rights and privileges as independent human beings. Women have evolved through slavery to primitive communism- a term supposed to have introduced by Marx to indicate rights of an individual to basic resources and freedom from authoritarian run and hierarchical social structure. The Marxist theory of feminismfocuses on shattering of capitalism in fellowship to emancipate women. The capitalist society, which largely values personal assets to demarcate the social position of an individual, is at the primary of womens oppression, according to Marxist feminism. Marx and Engel analyses that if the capitalist society, which

Interpretive Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Interpretive Strategies - Essay exemplarThis has been considered as a wonderful mix of communication principles. For this purpose, the person who interprets should have basic operative knowledge. The working knowledge should be about journalism, marketing, psychology, non shapeal and adult reproduction theory and presentation, business management and finances, mental reservation and tourism planning/ principles, media planning and design principles (John A. Veverka, 2006).The interpretive techniques and principles can be observed when we see an advertisement, magazine, tv set or a movie. The commentary will depend on the reality used in the techniques of commentary. The thought of an interpreters about the knowledge and the view of the visitors will be helpful in the success of the interpretation. This cannot be termed as the faithfulness in the interpretation. In the aforementioned context, the view expressed about interpretation is that the one which follows the views of the visitors.The truth lies in the interpretation if the interpreters consider the memory, unpaid learning and learning experience of the visitors. This consideration of the interpreters may moderate in the truth in the interpretation. The learning of the visitor from the interpretation can be in the embodiment of fun also.The methods like coin collecting, model making, studying aspects of history, bird watching etc. is involved with recreational learning. The persons learn from interpretation because they want to discover the pleasure of learning in the interpretation. Part 13. frame Area PlanThe system area considered here is data. It can be presented in many forms and as a result was selected as system area. The presentation of information may be straight facts, figures and dates, analyses and stories. A guide provides information to tourists almost without interpretation. A Writer provides information to the readers with information. For example, the environmental education in the form of a program or exhibit can be presented in either an informational instructional approach. These essential interpretive approach. In all the above mentioned conditions, the communication nature of the interpretation should be taken into consideration. The education due to interpretation occurs, when the recipient receives the message and understands it. After that it needs the remembrance. The way of communication and the nature of interpretation also will regulate remembrance. The interpretation regarding the sensitive aspects of the human nature will make them commend the information conveyed for a long time. The listeners do not remember the information, if they do not understand the information conveyed. Though interpretation needs the resources, it is not resource specific. It can be considered as objective driven and audience focused process. It looks for results after using the marketing and advertising techniques. This can be termed as interpretation communi cation strategy. The communication need to provoke curiosity, assist and interest in the listeners or the learners. The absence of attention will not make them to stop before an exhibit. The strategy must be in a manner to provoke and create attention. For provoking and creating, the interpreter must think about the reasons the visitor wants information. The answer to the questions that arise by that thinking

Marketing Management and Strategies Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing Management and St regularizegies - Assignment ExampleThe main focus of the cordial reception sector is to seize on the differentiation strategy and technology focus to achieve competitive advantage. A lot of innovative practices argon introduced and customer service and value added service play a major role in the hospitality fabrication. This paper will discuss the differentiation and technology focus strategies adopted in the hospitality enterprises. rough of the strategies used by hospitality enterprises to achieve competitive advantage include Strategic Planning, Market Research. melodic phrase Planning, Retail Growth Strategy, Meal Plan Strategy, Sourcing and Procurement Strategy, Concept Development, Health and Well-Being Strategy, Information Systems Strategy, food for thought Facilities Planning and Design.Accommodation and food services makes up about 8.1 percent of all employment. (U.S. Bureau of grasp Statistics). Employment in the accommodation and food s ervices industries is predicted to grow 18% between 2002 and 2012, adding more than 1.6 trillion new jobs. (U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics). Of the 8,740,000 total workers employed in the accommodation and food services industry in 2003, 5,343,000 works full-time (61%), while 3,397,000 work part-time (39%). (Annual just for 2003, according to the Current race Survey, a joint project of the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics and Census Bureau). ... - U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2004-05 Career bring to Industries and Occupational Outlook Profit and average room rate at the UKs chain hotels keep to adjoin in November, according to the latest HotStats survey from TRI Hospitality Consulting. Across the total UK sample of 462 hotels, income before heady charges (IBFC) - also known as gross operating profit - rose by 5.6 per cent to 52.81 per visible(prenominal) room. Average room rate increased by 7.4 per cent to 95.03 in November, a similar rate of step-up to the 7.2 per cent achieved during the year so far. In London, profit grew by 7.9 per cent to 82.19 per available room. Londons hoteliers continued to achieve rate growth at near annual levels with an 8.9 per cent increase taking average room rate to a new senior high school of 125.85.- Jonathan Langston, UK Chain Hotels Market Review November 2007 TRI Hospitality, www.trihc.comMichael Porters Five exponent AnalysisThreat of New entrantsThe Entry barriers includeCapitalThe capital outlay needed for scratch line up the operation in this industry is huge ($60 - $70 million), since the leasing expenses and the taxes are high. The capital includes work and building, infrastructure etc.LaborIn this industry the retention rate is high when compared to the others because of the demand for the undergo chefs in the industry. Finding and Retaining skilled labor is a major issue for a new entrant. levy StructureHoteliers have to bear huge taxes levied on them by the government for property, water, electric ity etc.Beside the high entry barriers, new entrants in this industry are high in recent days. Threat of substitutesThe growth of Home business restricts travel to a certain extent. So