Nursing - Pain Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nursing - cark Management - Essay ExampleCyclooxygenases Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (commonly k directlyn as Cyclooxygenases) was purified in 1976 and cloned in 1988. This enzyme is the key catalytic protein in the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachidonic acid, resulting in disturb and inflammation, and is subject to inhibition by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). In 1991, several laboratories identified a second gene product with COX activity, now termed COX-2. It is clear now that both isoforms, COX-l and COX-2 are expressed in both peripheral tissues and several areas of the CNS (Prochazkova et al., 2006). Theories of fuss Gatchel, Polatin, and Kinney (1995) state that in that respect are two prominent theories of pain the traditional specificity theory of pain and the render control theory of pain. The former, still widely taught, proposes that pain is a specific sensation and that the intensity of pain is proportional to the extent of tissue dama ge. This theory implies a fixed, straight-through transmission system from somatic pain receptors to a pain c work out in the brain (p.416). In 1965, Melzack and Wall proposed the gate control theory. This theory suggests that there are physiological and neural mechanisms in the body that can have an effect on the science of the painful stimulus (Hawthorn & Redmond 2001). The theory postulates that there are two controls that affect the gate. ... This gating mechanism depends on the sexual relation quantity of information being received over the larger fibers versus the smaller fibers. In essence, the two peripheral impulses interfere with each other to alter pain perception. The gate control theory has received the virtually recognition in the field of pain research (Gatchel, Polatin, and Kinney 416). Anatomy & Physiology The complexities associated with the experience of pain are immense. abode (1994) addresses those that deal with the physiological aspects by observing that me dical science has not fully explained pain mechanisms. The distinction of receptors has been discovered. This refers to receptors being more sensitive to one stimulus than others. Hall (1994) continues with the identification of the receptor that is incriminated in the reaction of pain, the unmyelinated or thinly myelinated buttock ending, an unencapsulated nerve ending. Hall describes the myelin sheath screen that encloses nerve fibers. The thickness of this sheath varies throughout the body, from none in the periphery, to very thick where nerves enter bones, and other parts of the body. The covering acts as insulation to keep stimuli from entering the nerve from regions other than those served by the nerve (p. 11). Hall (1994) goes on to describe the receptor as a primitive un electronic organized nerve ending and often has a weed-like appearance. It has many branches and overlaps with other receptors to totally cover the area which it serves (p. 11). The area that a particular nerve serves is called a dermatome, which may serve an area of skin, a muscle, or any organ of the body. Hall states, It is important to realize that the strength of stimulus is a critical factor in the work of pain in this and other

Improving Performance and Commitment in the Workplace Assignment

Improving Performance and consignment in the Workplace - Assignment ExampleIn essence, Google was one of those companies that had put its pile first by putting the company heavy emphasis on organizational behavior in its practices. In an assiduity where the dynamism was high and one with a very fast-changing environment, it had been apparent how its people had been one of the companys competitive resources (Idinopulos & Kempler). Googles people constituted a high resource valuethey were rare and inimitable.The companys heavy emphasis on its corporate practices had been directly coupled to its profitabilityone of the main arguments of OB organizational behavior being linked to profitability. According to John Sullivan in his article entitled Google, the companys profitability had a direct correlation to its employees productivity (42). According to him, the average Google employee contributed around $1 million dollar to the companys revenues annually (42). With this figure, the companys stocks had traded from an initial offer expenditure of $85 in 2004 when it went public, up to $700 in 2007 (42).This job performance and organizational commitment, according to the integrative role model in the chapter was potentially influenced by a set of individual mechanisms that include job satisfaction, stress, motivation, trust, ethics and justice, and nurture and decision-making (Colquitt, LePine, & Wesson, 7). In Googles case, these individual mechanisms were favorable to the employees. The companys 70-20-10 policy, where the 20% was as mentioned in the case was part of a clipping for learning--the time for the next big Google project as well as the 10% which was dedicated to creativity, innovation, and independence to think (Sullivan, 42).

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay ExampleIn her clause support up by frequent rhetoric, Laura Tyson points out how the assumptions made by pro-profit advocates fail to account for the environmental mise en scene and their stakeholders, including customers, society, and shareholders. As such greater social responsibility and concern is beneficial for organizations, if anything, because social well-being correlates to charge consumers, ethical employees, effective governments, and sound social infrastructure. The article highlights many organizations such as Apple that do made efforts in order to enhance workplace conditions for their global employees in an effort to put their protrude in a positive light and thus increase sales by maintaining goodwill (Tyson, 2013). Therefore, the article mainly aims to point out that social responsibility is not reducing the competitiveness of organizations but is in truth doing the opposite by providing them with a competitive advantage.The article b y Laura Tyson (2013) is an disceptation against profit maximization as opposed to social responsibility. Laura Tyson has therefore adopted rhetorical strategies in order to communicate her point persuasively. These specifically include the usage of ethos and logos frequently as compared to emotional rhetoric characterized by pathos. The argument is accommodate towards proving the point that profit maximization is not the sole purpose of capitalistic organizations but organizations also hold up obligations towards their stakeholders, including customers, shareholders, and society. Laura Tyson first highlighted the stance held by Milton Friedman and Robert Simons before proceeding to present an argument against their case. Laura Tyson has regularly backed up her claims by citing empirical studies that support her claims. Hence the usage of rhetorical strategies is evident in Tysons argument as she has tried to make a case against profit maximization by organizations.Laura Tyson

Philosophers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophers - Essay ExampleHis life is so blended with myths that today nobody can actually say what is true and what is legend to the highest degree him (according to nigh legends, he was born at 62, after growing in his mother womb until that age). Some turn out his existence during the same period with that of Confucius, others centuries later, while others just argue the fact that he ever existed. callable to the major impact on peoples life, Lao-Tzu is sometimes considered a divinity, or, at least a messenger of a Divine force. His constant efforts to teach the others how to respect order and harmony at all levels have materialized into the utilisation that is presently make don as Laozi. These writings have numerous interpretations, from various points of view, and are still arising philosophic debates.The Daoistic influences on Chinese culture, literature, philosophy and religion are incontestable. This ancient humanistic move hasnt only influenced the Chinese Daoism is practically the support of many religions and cultures throughout Asia (Hong Kong, Taiwan and parts of Southeast Asia), an undeniable fact that clearly makes its founders remarkable people.With Bertrand Russell, mathematical logic and analytic philosophy meet, blend and create one revolutionist cognizance over words, language and implication. Our verbal mechanisms are studied and explained in a work that will find the foundation of the analytic philosophy of our times. ... His early studies in the field of mathematics had a surprisingly fat result in the field of philosophy he explored the uncertain, but fascinating fields of logical and philosophical mixture, aiming to answer that one, impossible and tormenting top dog about knowledge is it really possible for humans to really know anything Maybe the motto of his quest should be precisely his question there is one great question ... Can human beings know anything, and if so, what and how This question is really the most essen tially philosophical of all questions. Russells friendly and political philosophy has also had a great impact on the society of his times he was a fierce opponent of nuclear weapons, and, generally, of any kind of forced attempt to disturb the ingrained social and cultural balance. Although his activism has brought him a great deal of trouble (beginning with his anti-war protests during the First World War and keep through all his life), he never ceased to influence, educate and inform generations of readers through his inspiring writings on the social and political and philosophical issues of his day. Maybe no other quote could speak more about Andy Clarks work As our knowledge domains become smarter, and get to know us better and better it becomes harder and harder to say where the world stops and the person begins. The Professor of Philosophy and at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, thus expresses one of our days most gravid anxieties are we becoming the robots that we have dreamed to build Are we so influenced by the reality of the practical(prenominal) world that we ourselves are becoming more machine-like than human-like creatures The contemporary cognitive scientist explores the

Diverse Family Structures Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Diverse Family Structures - Assignment ExampleA product of the parental genetic make-up and leave automatically assume the subculture or culture of the parents. The second hint states that the surroundings a child shares with the peers and outback(a) home experience help shape their personality. In this manner, if the parents of a child spit out, then the children will struggle too. The reason is that the parent will bring up the child in a struggling environment that will shape the character of the child as he or she grows. A typical outcome scenario is that of street families where there is continuity of homelessness on struggles in the generations. One important factor in the education of a child is education that equips the child with knowledge and skills to become better-adapted members of the society. As Harris (2009) pointed out on the proposition of environment and child development, education can mold the character, coping, and adaptation skills of a child to overcome the neighborly status of the parents. Parents entrust teachers with the children with a hope that they will learn (Harris, 2009). The first approach is inculcating a imperious attitude of possibilities amidst struggles to help the children appreciate opportunities that can shape a future and destiny lies with education and problematical work. Since most children in school believe their teachers, it is a prime opportunity to help them think beyond the struggles the parents face. A school is a social place that should offer a platform of interaction among ternary parties, that is, parent-teacher, teacher-pupils, and pupil-pupil. Therefore, a teacher must devise a way to connect with the parents and guardians of the pupils in the school. Mandel (2008) outlines various slipway of enhancing parent-teacher partnership.

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Leisure and Tourism Maqnagement Project - Essay ExampleKnowledge of how customers of events manufacture practise sociable media is necessary so that effective use of the channel of loving media can be made possible. The explore is based on identifying these patterns and impacts so that the social media can be used as an effective promotional tool. The paper is developed with exploratory research design based on outline of information and facts. The gang of the survey questionnaire and literature surveil is used to explore the qualitative perspective of the research. The paper finds out that the social media has huge impact on how the events manufacturing of UK conducts the marketing and promotion of the media. However, blind following of the trend to use social media does not lead to effective results. It is necessary to have a two way conversation and understand the nature of the customer relevant to the particular industry. Contents Abstract 2 inquiry capitulum 5 Signifi cance of the research 5 Aims and objectives 5 Structure of the report 6 Literature refresh 6 Research Methodology 10 Research Methods 10 Sampling 11 Data analysis approach 11 Findings and Data Analysis 11 Discussion in relation to literature review 17 Evaluation of the outcome 18 Conclusion and recommendations 19 References 21 Introduction Social media has release an important part of the day-to-day life of people. People especially youngsters spend a significant gist of time exploring social media and its applications. Due to the increasing importance of social media in lives of people, the corporate field in like manner understands the potential of this media in terms of utilizing it as the form of marketing tool in advertising (Smith and Zook 2011). Today, some companies are promoting their products and services through presence on social media websites much(prenominal) as Facebook, Twitter, etc. It is rivalling the conventional forms of media and consumes a large portion of the time of people. The reach of this form of media has even extended to the social rituals that virtually people cherish. In general, it has implications for the events industry as swell. The industry ought to capitalize on the trends of social media so as to remain relevant. The social media trends also present new opportunities for the events industry so as to thrive well in the competitive environment and move forward (Smith and Zook 2011). The UK events industry is worth 36 billion pounds and it presents an opportunity for the country to be the business destination of choice at the global level. Due to the rise in the ontogeny of the events industry of UK with the recent example of conducting the event of Olympic and Paralympics games event in 2012, it is evident that the industry requires much more marketing tools that have vast reach to people and attract them. The rapid growth of the industry demands equally effective marketing tool for giving the push to the growth a nd the success (Thorley 2010). Research Question The research question for the study is as follows How social media impacts the UK events industry? What are the implications of the explosion in social media use on the events industry in the UK, as they pertain specifically to the way the industry markets itself and provides services to its customers? Significance of the research The growth of the events industry of UK has compelled the professionals in the industry to make use of such marketing tools for advertising that can attract a large number of audiences and has a vast reach. The procession use of social media and its strong existence in the routine life of people has

Restaurant Management Outline Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Restaurant Management - Outline pillow slipThis outline follows the analysis, that is done before opening of any sort of transmission line enterprise in immediatelys environment. Though one might surmise that a food and drink related business resembling a restaurant would be readily accepted by the local and visiting business enterprise of any area of London, tastes and traditions differ and one has to account for the different wishes and requirements of various social groups. For example, the pricing of the items must(prenominal) be kept such that the customers can afford a meal now and then, with continuing attractions like foreign cuisine and local celebrations being the focus of attention for the new and existing customers. The success of any business venture is based on the mix of new and old customers returning to the restaurant over again and again. At the same time, cooking, presentation and quality standards must be ensured. Conducting a feasibility study for develo ping a new business requires analysis of present and likely future market conditions. The location and tincture of the restaurant, proximity to public shopping areas, internal ambience and quality of meals and service were analyzed in this outline, as well as a variety of strong ideas to keep the customers interested, that are mentines as key factors of success. In conclusion, the researcher excretes the main means to an end, such as local culture, traditional delicacies, kids corner, free parking and good locale and outdoor eating habits of Cheltenham residents, which he is confident will make this venture a resonating success.

Peter Green's First Day Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Peter Greens First Day - Case Study Exampleerned active any ethical dealing in the business if the matter comes to win the business and retain the grade and that is why he believes more on-the-job training for his sales people rather than any accomplishment in the class room. Peter Greens early bringing up and his formal didactics has taught him not to forego ethical business dealings if one has to rise in life as he says, One should support ones beliefs at whatever personal cost. If he remains in Scott Carpet then he would be largely compromising with his way of ethical thinking. He has now option of quitting Scott Carpet and stick to his basic learning, which he thinks is critical for his career. Quitting the job means all a immense searching for a fresh job, which could be arduous to him and one is not sure whether a novel company would again be of the same kind where business ethics are not abandoned due importance.If he decides to cost his conscience and does not coopera te with stump spud to oblige his customer, he would be steerning a risk of losing one major account. It is true that Murphy has not ordered him to follow his advice nevertheless, not following his bosss advice has several implications. Losing a prestigious account simply means he would be out of grace of his boss permanently. In the near future, he may be simply laid-off on the plea of nonperformance. Clearly, his career cannot prosper in the circumstances so far and so long he has to work under Murphy.He has one more alternative to fight his cause by remaining in the company. Does his moral teaching not ask him to fight within rather than run away (quitting the company) from the scene? If he chooses to do so means he has to expose Murphy ahead the company management but then why the company management would believe his words. After all, Murphy is a well established district manager in this company with a long assist record. Why would any company believe in the words of a new c omer who has no past credentials and no proven service records? This

Why is Writing for Radio and Television Different than Writing for an Essay

Why is Writing for Radio and video arranging Different than Writing for an Actual Newspaper or Magazine - Es evidence ExampleVarious writing styles follow within conventional creative writing prominent among them are novels, short stories, poetry and plays. Hence, both the ordinary and the genre combine to lay a set of guidelines for the writer. The rest of the essay will outline those guidelines and withal provide examples. With the advent of long distance telecommunication technology during the early twentieth century, radio took kill as the most sought after public broadcast medium. Writing for radio then became a specialized field for there are unique qualities associated with a purely aural mode of communication. This constitute challenges as well as opportunities to writers and broadcasters. Those pioneers who conquered this new horizon in writing established a genre that was both refreshing and demanding. For example, listening to a play in the radio is quite incomp atible to observation it onstage. The playwright will put one across to supplement through audio the events on stage that are not accounted in words. In former(a) words, special audio effects to reflect transpirations on stage became important. Hence, writers had to redress more(prenominal) attention to detail and try to incorporate various kinds of information into the aural form. What radio writers as well as did was to improve the attention span and concentration of the audience, for the narrative tends to be information packed and tightly plan to maximize content output. Coming to creative writing for television, the rules are not as rigorous as that applicable to radio writing, for the genre draws many of its rules from motion pictures. This is especially true with respect to soap operas, sitcoms and former(a) televised entertainment. The British Broadcasting Corporation, which has mastered both radio and TV drama over the years, has the following to say about good TV dram a writing TV is easy to turn off or turn over, so open your story as dynamically as you can. Try to hook the enkindle of the audience as soon as possible so that they will want to stay tuned and, if there are more episodes to come, will want to keep tuning in. Ask yourself if theres a strong enough sense of character, drama, and story to sustain an audiences engagement. (www.bbc.co.uk, 2012) But, when it comes to news coverage in television, the main focus tends to be the headlines, with sound bites and video footage complementing the scrolling text. Television talk shows, on the other hand, have now become a time-tested concept that can succeed with even basic recording technology. Well now see how writing for radio and television is different to writing for newspaper and magazines. The printed word has everlastingly proven to be more powerful in expressing complex thought or argument. Hence, the media of magazines and newspapers are more apt for carrying out in-depth analysis of public issues. Writing for the print media also requires a greater summons over vocabulary, grammar and usage. Hence, writing for publications is far more challenging and exacting than writing for television or radio. It is save those intellectuals who can perform incisive analyses that make it to editorial pages of major newspapers. Reporting for print media, on the other hand, is usually about following a set format or template, which doesnt require mellowed analytic skills. The following tips will come handy to the news or opinion writer The first step line of the article must grab the readers attention straight away. This is no different to any other form of writing a story must hook the reader in a very short space of time...this hook must be the first sentence, not the trice or the third...Another crucial point here is the length of the opening sentence. The word count needs to be no more than twenty-two words for your

The Causes of Criminal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

The Causes of twist - Assignment ExampleAnother theory is that, basically, prison hardens individuals to the point where they argon more likely to re-commit afterward long prison sentences (Song and Lieb 3). Whatever the cause, recidivism is a serious problem, with iodin expert estimating that we could reduce our crime stunnedrank by 50% if we could control 10% of the offenders. (Delisi 6).The theory that an individual is, basically, a born criminal posits that individuals argon born with a sociopathic personality disorder that makes them prone to commit crimes throughout their lives. (Kanazawa 2). These people are known as the life-course intractable, and they are contrasted with adolescence-limited. (Kanazawa 2). Adolescent limited refers to the individuals who have a troubled, crime-filled youth, but age out of the prison system with maturity, as they settle down, get married and hold a productive large(p) life. (Kanazawa 2). The life-course persistent, however, do not the age of the prison system and continue to commit crimes throughout their lives. (Kanazawa 2).While the juvenile limited do not seem to be genetically predisposed to a life of crime, the life-course persistent do. As mentioned above, the life-course persistent are comprised mainly of sociopaths, who are prone to commit crimes because they are incapable of mental picture remorse or empathize with others pain. (Kanazawa 2). The behavior geneticist Linda Mealey estimated that sociopaths make up 3-4% of the male population and less than 1% of the female population, yet account for 20% of the prison population and between 33% and 80% of the inveterate criminal offenders. (Kanazawa 2).That a career criminal is born as opposed to made is but one theory. Another theory holds that a career criminal is made by prison stays. (Song and Lieb 3).

Business financing and the capital structure Assignment

Business financing and the capital social organisation - Assignment ExampleCompanies can either decided to use equity or debt or a combination of the both. Whichever source is chosen the following should be noted Debt finance is a source that earns a fixed return (interest) to the lender. The interest is fixed at the par value of the debt (face value). This source of finance is nonsuch to be sought by a company that has a strong base of equity. Debt funding is whole available to qualified companies based on credit ratings, and its availability is limited to the value of the security provided (Chandra, 2011).Advantages of exploitation debt finance first, the interest charged on the debt is tax allowable. Second, the cost of debt is fixed regardless of the profits make by a company and due to that, under high profits, the cost of debt becomes lower. Third, it does not involve many another(prenominal) formalities and due to that, it is suitable when a source of finance is required urgently. Fourth, if the debt is long-term, the amount owing declines with time, and so reduces the repayment burden to the borrower. Fifth, this type of finance does not influence a companys finding since creditors do not participate in the annual general meeting (Chandra, 2011).Disadvantages of debt finance first, it can simply be invested with the lenders approval. Second, when used in excess, the creditors might demand a representation on the Board of Directors. The representation might affect a companys decision-making. Third, it is risky to use it during an economic decline because its usage might send a company into receivership. Lastly, it is only available for specific ventures, then might affect the flexibility of the companys investment strategy (Chandra, 2011).Equity capital - it is embossed from the public through the sale of ordinary shares. This source of finance is available exclusively to Limited Companies. It is a changeless finance source, as the sharehold ers cannot review this cash except under liquidation. It is, along these lines,

Critique two research propsals Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critique two research propsals - Essay ExampleThis logical, sequential review enables the referee to follow the historical progress of this line of investigation. In discussing the sight by Jonson-Reid, Fuller reports on the results that ar relevant to his own write up. This previous study indicated that children who were in care for less than three months before existence returned to their families had increased risk of substantiated maltreatment comeback.It is clearly stated that the purpose of this research is to examine the factors that might prognosticate short-term maltreatment recurrence following reunification exits from substitute care. Fuller does this by combining administrative data with detailed information collected from case record reviews. However, no hypothesis is provided other than an supposal that the Jonson-Reid study was correct in reporting the increased risk to children in short-term care. The purpose of the study is reported, though, as providing an as sistive guide to caseworkers decision-making at the reunification milestone while making their safety assessment.The regularity for this research is described as being a case-control study. It is described as selecting two concourses of participants one group is selected based on their experience of the outcome of interest in this case maltreatment recurrence in spite of appearance 60 days of reunification and the comparison group selected who have not experienced the outcome. This type of study was appropriate for the element being researched because it is particularly useful to examine the effects of a given operator in relation to an occurrence, such as maltreatment following reunification. In addition, case-control studies can match cases with controls by such things as age (children under age 5 have been shown to suffer maltreatment recurrence more often than children ages 5-10), family income levels (low income families have shown greater recurrence than

Argument of Evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Argument of Evaluation - analyze ExampleThe Artist truly deserves the award it scoped as the Best Picture movie during the 2012 Oscars. The movie leaves its earshot with real pleasure in the way Hazanavicius makes use of tics and trick of silence together with care and wisdom. He goes further to include musical emotional rhythm emulated from some of the best movies ever witnessed. The Artist fluctuates in the midst of sad and funny and changes the sound age dawn into an individual tragedy presented to the audience as motionless melodrama (Scott 3).The nostalgia used in the movie is instructive as witnessed in the scene where Valentin and Miller are seen tap-dancing on each new(prenominal) sides reminding the viewer of the visually inventive of how early films developed on sound could be. The other scene is when Vlanetin has a conversation with a policeman without title cards reminding the audience of the good dumb movie it is. Such scenes call for a lot of imagination from the viewers hence they are in full involved and absorbed in the movie (Bradshaw 4). It is a miraculous form of entertainment that unexpectedly expresses a good deal about the pride of men and emotional literature.The final film of the Artist was released in the year 2011making it one of the most joyful and heart-swelling silent movies and was essayed in white and black, projecting it in an honest-to-goodness fashioned Academy ratio boxy. Some of the lines in the movie are observed to be now and again printed on dialogue intertitle cards. The Artist is places among the long tradition group of movies and it revolves around a film lead-in who is established together with a young actress who is beguiling coming from the early Thirties and late mid-twenties Hollywood (Bradshaw 4).This was the period which was marked by the talkies rise. As the settings and pilot of the movie bring out the tantrum of singing in the rain, the movie pulls in a different direction to Donen and Kellys soni cally and visually screen music that

Small-Business Opportunities Available Today Essay

fine- chore Opportunities Available Today - Essay Example(http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_ ancestry).There argon original types of difficulties faced by such businesses due to their small size. One of the most common reasons for bankruptcy is undercapitalization. This is generally due to the bogus arrangement and not the financial circumstances meaning that any business should defecate enough amount of money to run that business and a certain criteria is set up. If the required isnt done, accordingly the company can suffer from bankruptcy. Along with the fact of having good amount of capital, the proprietor of the small business should have a good knowledge of coarse margin, which are sales minus variable costs. In order to work appropriately and efficiently, the business is required to achieve a standard of sales having gross margin surpass the fixed costs.In United States, few of the important small business proprietors are in the field of insurance costs, rising energy cos ts and taxes. While in United ground and Australia, small business possessors are more into the field with excessive governmental red tape.It can be a complicated task for a fresh and developing business to gain trust of customers. To have the best this complication, some associations like Better Business Bureau and the International Charter are proposing Small Business Certification, which certifies the quality of the services and goods produced and can encourage new and larger customers.(http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Small_business).Comparing and Contrasting Two Small Business FirmsThe 2 small business companies which will be compared in this report are two different finance corporations running in United States. The first one is Southwestern Business pay corp, operating in State of Arizona and Contiguous States. The second one is Chesapeake Business Finance Corporation operating in Kent and Sussex Counties.About the FirmsSouthwestern Business Financing Cooperation is a classif ied, non-profit company that gives small businesses with long-run loans for owner-occupied fixed assets. This company is one of the two corporations of Arizona which is endorsed by the U.S Small Business plaque to create the SBA 504 loan to small businesses for construction of gigantic utensils from $ 125,000 to $ 10,000,000. This company offers a long-term, fixed-rate financing with a rock-bottom down payment. From the time when it was founded, SBFC has financed the purchase or building of over $500 million of buildings for small businesses. (http//www.swbfc.com/mission.cfmpagename=mission).Chesapeake Busines

WestJet Airlines Ltd. WestJet and Air Canada Term Paper

WestJet Airlines Ltd. WestJet and Air Canada - Term makeup ExampleIt also has a loyalty card and rewards program (WestJet, n.d.). Key Features and Benefits The beau monde renders line of achievement bail services with also helping the plurality book flights, hotels and car rentals from airports online. In foothold of special benefits the company renders special privileges for persons relating to special categories and also pertaining to the maternity category (WestJet, n.d.). WestJet in competition to Air Canada has introduced agio miserliness seats to help the consumers enjoy an extra leg space that would be made available in the first four rows of the airlines. Though the booking of the premium economy seats would tilt to charge much from the consumers yet a comparison drawn reflects that the charge is half than charged by other premium airlines in the course of rendering boarding and on-flight amenities to its passengers. This premium seating model of the company helps W estJet to carry with its low cost position (Hasselt, 2012). WestJets Product Life round of golf The Product Life Cycle curve for a company has four stages like Introductory, growing, Maturity and Decline. WestJet reflects a growth in terms of market revenues and passenger traffic along the periods ranging from 2007 to 2011 from $2127 to $3072 million and from 14,545 to 21,186 million respectively. Thus WestJet falls in the Growth stage (WestJet, 2011, p.6). Products Rendered by WestJet and Consumer Needs WestJet renders online booking of flight, hotel and other hospitality services for both byplay and embodied passengers along with vacationers. Along with damages and security benefits the company also renders an extensive reward program catered to date the needs of loyal consumers (WestJet, 2011, p.10-14). Passengers through the above services can book their flights and hotels associated with the airline company in an online fashion that helps in making their tour more comfort able. Insurance and security benefits help the passengers retrieve their expenses link to their vacation and tours in cases of any emergency. Further the loyalty scheme of the airlines company helps the consumers avail special discounts and promotions rendered by WestJet during special occasions. WestJets Offerings vs. Its Competitors West Jets service offerings in comparison to other flight servicing companies operating in the Canadian landscape like Air Canada and American Airlines gain sanction in being able to provide the best quality of service at highly affordable or economic rates. Moreover the company operating on the basis of hub and spoke model reflects higher(prenominal) interconnectivity than its competitors (Grant, et al., n.d.). When, How and by Whom are the services of WestJet Procured Flight touring services and amenities rendered by WestJet are procured by people in times of deciding on vacations and also while planning to take short business tours. Services and amenities rendered by WestJet relating to booking of flights, hotels, car rental services along with travel insurance benefits can be availed by the consumers through the help of online portals. The consumer or passenger traffic in WestJet consists so of passengers that are frequent vacationers or are tending to visit places relating to their business and professional needs (WestJet, 2010, p.9 Lamb, 2011, p.571). merchandise Segments of WestJet WestJet mainly focuses on being a low-cost carrier rendering services to economy divide passengers. Moreover the airlines company also caters to the needs of consumer segments through the transportation of cargo commodities on board (Aylen, 2012, p.250). Consumer or market segmentation of WestJet can be made in terms of Leisure Class Passengers that tend to avail flights for tour or vacation

Discuss Shakespeares Essay Example for Free

Discuss Shakespeares EssayThe women of Shakespearean literature have been known to have a strong emotional complexity, where each of them find themselves subject to adversities based around the brawny men who exercise them. From Lady Annes striking romantic confusion in Richard III, to Violas challenges in morality by means of and throughout Twelfth Night, much(prenominal) a Shakespearean signature in portraying women persists in Hamlet through Gertrude, a cigarette according with her questionable actions and Ophelia, who struggles with the pressures of male authority.It should get by as no surprise that although beingness a sixteenth century play, the exploration of female issues of tradition, misogyny, romance and mortality allows Hamlets treatment of women to maintain a highly substantive relevance in todays modern world. Elizabethan women held very little social rights and power, with strict manipulations in baby bearing and household duties allowing them to have very little say even within their own lives. contempt clearly being set in Denmark, Shakespeare who was writing during this time, extended this handed-down roles to Ophelia and Gertrude. Ophelia in particular displays the role more strongly, with critic David Leverenz noting Ophelia has no choice but to say I shall obey, my lord. In this example of Ophelias obedient nature, by and by her father, Polonius targets her to not knock over words or talk with Lord Hamlet- (I. 3), the reader is able to get the customary relationship between a woman and the male figures in her life.Though Gertrude does not give any particularly submissive dialogue, even she as Queen reinforces this relationship in her minimal delivery in scenes for which she is not only present, but concerned. It is important for modern critics like Leverenz as advantageously as critical feminist readers to recognize that Ophelia and Gertrude are not necessarily weak and passive in in the flesh(predicate) character, but quite they are reflection of women (especially royal women) who were oppressed of empowering traits by the socially acceptable customs.Readers should instead appreciate this traditional treatment of women, in not only allowing the men in positions of power to be boil downed on for the sake of theatrical entertainment and drama, but for also extensively juxtaposing with motifs of insanity, revenge, sin, and power associated with the powerful male leads King Claudius, the Ghost of King Hamlet and Prince Hamlet. Though Shakespeare has been regarded as a feminist payable to his relatively respectful treatments of women, the existence of this respect in Hamlet has been debated ever since the plays inception.As previously stated, the traditional portrayal of obedient women cannot be taken out of context, however as the play increases in intensity, as does its treatment of women. In his very first soliloquy for which he reveals his anger towards his mothers trades union to his unc le dickens months after his fathers death, Hamlet makes the striking universal comment Frailty thy name is woman (I. 2).In an example of Shakespeares incomparable literary craftsmanship, he supports this quote through their actions, how upon her husbands death, Gertrude immediately marries his brother and how after her relationship with Hamlet is doomed, Ophelia begins to go mad herself. The quote is also infamously regarded as the establishment of the plays theme of misogyny, the quote indicates how Gertrudes traditionally incestuous marriage to her late husbands brother has ruined his faith in women and love all together.In an almost Freudian pattern, Ophelia then becomes victim to his misogyny with Hamlets refusal to continue their relationship. More analytical readers would then go beyond this sanctioned evaluation and then find possible interpretations of Hamlets treatment, or as it seems, mistreatment of women. Those sympathetic to Hamlets negative attitude to Ophelia would dig it as a defense mechanism, where between his grief of his father and desire to please his father through revenge, he must then resort to such discrimination to avoid further pain.In channel to this sympathetic reception, quotes such as Frailty thy name is woman and tis brief, my lord.. as a womans love (III. 3) may be seen as to defy fictional character and be the manifestation of Shakespeares own personal opinion, though evidence for this in his marriage with Anne Hathaway is not very strong. Through either interpretation, it is undeniable that so furthermost in the play the women have yet to find themselves in a state of happiness. Another prodigious aspect of Hamlets treatment of women, is how the currently negative treatment is extended to how Shakespeare portrays their internality.For instance, after Ophelia is warned to not lose your heart, or her chaste treasure open by her brother Laertes, she gives her virginity to Hamlet. When Hamlet discards marriage, she says with in a particularly stressed tone Quoth she, before you tumbled me, /You promised me to wed. /So would I ha done, by yonder sun, /An thou hadst not come to my bed -(IV. 5). During Act 3, Scene 2 when the mouse-trap play is taking place, Ophelia must also be subjected to Hamlets sexual innuendos such as Thats a fair thought to lie between maids legs. for which she cannot reply in order to remain as a respectable lady. Again, Shakespeare indicates another aspect of Elizabethan women, with how female sexuality was highly conservative and their virginity very strictly only being lost with marriage with those not doing so being thought of as a disgrace. The readers sympathy for Ophelia is therefore increased substantially, where, who then later tells her to get the to the nunnery (III. 1) which shows her as an exploited figure.Gertrudes sexual behaviour, more specifically her decision to marry Claudius, has come under immense interrogatory not only by Hamlet who defeminised her by saying A beast would have mourned prolonged , but also by critics viewing her as sinful and in blunt Elizabethan terms, a whore. Critic Rebecca Smith commented on how this view is commonly translated to stage productions where she is often played as a sensual and deceitful woman. For a balanced view on Gertrude, it is imperative to note how she too is attempting to deal with her grief and there is a great possibility she is doing this for reasons of maintaining her families power.As for being deceitful, Carolyn Heilbruns 1957 essay Hamlets Mother defends Gertrude, argue that the text never hints that Gertrude knew of Claudius poisoning King Hamlet. . As Hamlet progresses towards its conclusion, instead of the female characters developments becoming positive, the piece continues to prove devastating for them. Ophelia, upon the death of Laertes and Polonius, as well as Hamlets mistreatment seems to drive herself into madness and her death by drowning. Although truly saddening, the way in which Shakespeare presents her death reveals the beauty which has been overshadowed by tragedy.In expected Shakespearean style, the poetic announcement given by Gertrude uses beautiful naturalistic imagery to testament to Ophelias femininity, with When down her weedy trophies and herself/ throw away in the weeping brook. Her clothes spread wide/And, mermaid-like, awhile they bore her up /Which time she chant snatches of old tunes(IV. 7). From that point on she is referred to as beautiful and sweet by Hamlet and Gertrude respectively, further emphasise her graceful nature. To directly juxtapose with this, is the death of Gertrude, who poisoned by her son makes her last words with grace, No, no, the drink, the drink-O my practiced Hamlet /The drink, the drink I am poisoned. (V. 2). Her elegant demise in the midst of the blood and violence could be seen as her professedly nature also obscured by the plays tragic events like Ophelia, where Shakespeare perhaps reveals the obje ctive personalities of the women upon their death. However Gertrude sympathetics, may acknowledge that the murder and negative perception of Gertrude by Hamlet whose state of sagaciousness is generally perceived as mad and insane, calling her a wretched queen may in fact be incorrect because of this therefore proving her relative innocence.Shakespeare in both their developments and deaths, shows a treatment of women where through the violence of their deaths they still maintain a pleasant feminine quality that is given a focus that was previously absent in the play. No matter the perceptive of the reader on the plays treatment of women, they should be able to appreciate Shakespeares realistic portrayal, where although he took creative liberties in some circumstances, he gave true Elizabethan indications of female traditional roles and sexual attitudes on women.It was through writing with conviction (not only through staying true to the context but in showing Ophelias and Gertrudes emotion and complexity) that the play attains its status of one of the best of his classics. The two women are thought to be superficial, but considering the devices such as tone, juxtaposition and imagery as well as analysing their character intentions and behaviour it should be extremely apparent that this is not true and that they obviously do display depth.Secondly, I feel that in the question of whether Shakespeare was a feminist or even a misogynist that the answer cannot be found in Hamlet where his treatment of women in Hamlet is actually neutral. The female characters were designed not for the reader to be focused on who they were, but for what they brought out in other characters. More specifically, Ophelia and Gertrude were therefore created to see how romance, affection and love can truly drive a man insane.

Research Study on Organizational Commitment Essay Example for Free

Research Study on Organizational Commitment EssayIntroductionOrganizational commitment is an administrational parts psychological connection or hearting of belongingness to the ecesis CITATION Edu15 l 1033 (Educational Portal). This commitment to an administration creates a musical note of passionate spirit at heart a stakeh one-time(a) of an constitution, creating a desire for that / those individual(s) to do anything needful for the organization to succeed. Organizational commitment is an indispensably huge role that determines whether a stakeholder depart remain at the organization willingly, if given a choice. This is a determinant as to whether this individual will produce at the drop dead of his skill index to ensure that the organization moves much closer, or in the direction of its goals. According to the three- dowry model (TCM), the organizational commitment is made up of three unique comp nonpareilnts. These are affective commitment, sequel commitment and normative commitment.Affective commitment encompasses the love for your career or job. This happens when whiz has a material feeling of emotional attachment to their organization or company, and zealously works to promote the interests of that organization. These people sport internalized the organizations values, vision and goals, and have a sincere feeling of wanting to work for the organization for a longer period CITATION Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This happens when the employee is ingenious at their workplace. There are factors that will normally contribute to this affection. Some of the reasons include freedom of thought and innovation, appreciably good salary, better employee hurt among other things that could make employees feel that they are important and are valued by their employer. Whatever these reasons are, this affection is imperative to the organizational success. possibleness Employees who are treated in a respectful manner in an ethics based organization are much managely to be happier than employees that belong to a derive oriented organization.Continuous commitment is an express fear of loss. This kind of commitment comes by when employees measures up the advantages and disadvantages of universe at the organization compared to their exit CITATION Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This comes as a result of a acknowledgement that staying at your current position in your company has better terms or benefits than leaving the company. For instance, if one wanted to move from one company or organization, they will non only consider fiscal benefits, but a number of other parameters. These parameters include employee terms of welfare, available position of responsibility within the new organization, among other benefits one stands to lose or gain. Another reason could be comp allowely unrelated to profession one could be attached to their friends at the organization, that moving from the organization is a risk of gap these bonds. The relen tlessness of the continuance commitment increases with advancement of age and professional responsibility. Those who are so advanced in both of these factors will feel a certain kind of inertial force that hardly allows them to leave.Hypothesis People who have successively progressed up the ladder within an organization, and / or age feel the severity of continuance commitment the most.Normative Commitment is the sense of obligation that one feels for an organization. Some people feel that it is the right thing to do, for them to belong to the organization they do belong to. This sense of belongingness occurs even when one is not happy with their position. They are often held back from pursuing even better opportunities CITATION Min151 l 1033 (Mind Tools). This feeling could arise from an array of reasons. A great example is a son working at their novices firm, He will determine a kind of virtual family pressure to weigh the burdens of the organization in order to make it success ful. Even if there existed better opportunities, this son will turn them crop up for the sake of keeping their parents happy. Another scenario that could occur is when a wife works for an organization within a constituent. The job she does could only be offered by only her current company within the whole locality or even country. Due to her domestic responsibilities, she cannot leave to pursue her career interests in another region of the country. This sense of obligation could drain the company of energy because normally, there is no zeal to work, but one will only perform at an average.Hypothesis more get married people will function to work for a certain firm on a normative commitment basis than the wizard professionals.All the above forms of commitment are segments of organizational employee solution due to certain organizational behaviors. The key fact is that employees have their personal needs, and will tend to place these interests first. When these interests are we ll provided for, the employees will automatically feel appreciated and will tend to happily offer service to the organization. As it has been stressed before, happy employees make more productive and successful companies CITATION And14 l 1033 (Oswald, Proto, Sgroi, 2014). On a practical scale, companies like Google have benefited from employee first approach. The company has invested a lot in employee support and satisfaction while allowing for imagination, creativity and innovation CITATION Kel14 l 1033 (Parkes-Harrison-Warwick, 2014).Some companies have got it right while others are yet to get it right. We carried a explore into the various aspects that contribute to this phenomenon of organizational commitment. We use different techniques to measure or research into different Organizational behavior, including self-reporting scales, behavioral observation and organizational records analysis such as performance judgment forms, time card data, absenteeism rates, productivity indicesIn this research, we use the self-reporting scales. Self-report study involves use of questionnaires, surveys or polls that let respondents respond to questions in a manner the respondents choose. This kind of survey is focused on extracting information from participants to the highest degree their attitudes, feelings and beliefs on certain topics. It could be a form of interview, provision of answers to open and closed questions, rating scales, wintry choice questions among others.Reliability on these methods is dependent upon their consistence in providing similar results if used repeatedly in similar circumstances. Validity of the response is also a matter of concern. Especially for questionnaires, respondents whitethorn or may not give accurate or sincere answers to certain questions depending on the parameters provided. For example, Anonymous questionnaires or response forms are more possible to produce validated answers.In this survey, we carried a survey in which w e asked various questions related to the hypotheses tell in within this document. We adopted the anonymous response questionnaire system to enhance rigourousness of our research. We asked them to rate different departments, work conditions and parameters. The respondents were to respond to questions regarding the hypotheses. They were requested to rate the questions on four guided answers powerfully agree, Agree, strongly disagree, and agree. Our respondents were 30 employees of different organizations.Results We set ourselves to find out the validity of three hypotheses regarding the tenets of organizational commitment. These hypotheses stated as followHypothesis 1 Employees who feel appreciated are happy and are more likely to be affectively committed to an organizationHypothesis 2 older employees and those who get promoted are likely to stay within an organization out of continuance commitmentHypothesis 3 most married people are normatively committed to organizations.The val idity of our hypotheses had some concurrence with our respondents. However, what the survey disqualified is the sense of advance as a determining factor to employee continuance commitment. Instead, the people who got promoted in organizations were the productive cream of the organization. This factor that they felt a conviction to work for the organization. Such people were comfortably placed within the syndicate of affective commitment.Conclusion The survey conducted was successfully concluded and in our finding, hypothesis 1 was completely valid as most people agreed with it. Hypothesis 2 produced mixed reactions. Most agreed that older people were committed to the organization due to continuance commitment. Hypothesis 3 was completely valid as most people agreed with this hypothesis. All respondents had their reasons, as evident on their additional comments, including fear of family go and divorce for the third hypothesis.References BIBLIOGRAPHY l 1033 Educational Portal. (n.d.). Organizational Commitment Definition, Theory Types. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from Educational Portal http//education-portal.com/ academy/lesson/organizational-commitment-definition-theory-types.htmlMind Tools. (n.d.). The Three Component Model of Commitment. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from Mind Tools http//www.mindtools.com/pages/article/three-component-model-commitment.htmOswald, A. J., Proto, E., Sgroi, a. D. (2014, february 10). Happiness and Productivity. Retrieved January 28, 2015, from http//www2.warwick.ac.uk/fac/soc/economics/staff/eproto/workingpapers/happinessproductivity.pdfParkes-Harrison-Warwick, K. (2014, exhibit 21). Google is right We work better when were happy. Retrieved jaanuary 28, 2015, from futurity.org http//www.futurity.org/work-better-happy/Source document

Reviewer Prelims Essay Example for Free

Reviewer Prelims EssayLimitations to Economic ModelsModels an abstract initiation of how relevant facts actually relate to one a nonher. simplified pictures of reality1. Liberal Use of Assumptions2. Ceteris Paribus Everything else remains everlasting3. Short Run spacious Run Short Run is a time range deep down which output can be adjusted only by changing the amounts of variable inputs remain unchanged. Long run is a time period that is long enough to permit changes in all inputs both fixed variable. ** Fixed constant/doesnt change** Variable varies4. The Use of Graph optic representations of the kind between 2 variables. ** Cartesian Plane Rene DescartesY axis of rotation IndependentCauseX axis DependentEffectApproaches1. Positivebased on factsuse to describe an occurrence of an event fair gameansw. the question, What is? Or What will be?2. Normativebased on opinionsubjective / judgmental predictiveansw. the question,What ought to be? Or What should be?Branches of EconomicsMACRO broad birds eye view aggregate engage and supply contributions made by different sectors inthe economyMICROsmall / individual item / specific demand and supply detailed close-up view Implications of Scarcity1. The need to sire choicea. fortuneb. Benefit or Punishmentc. Value JudgmentOpinion2. Rationing Device3. Competition foursome Economic ResourcesCapital physical or charitable capitalLand natural resources (surface beneath)Labor no-account collar or white collar is an effort human skillsEntrepreneur 4 functions Initiative phone line Policy Innovator Risk Taker1. Availability of ResourcesProducts Goods tangible Services intangibleTwo Parties producer demanders (customers)2. take aim of ProductionTwo Approaches Mkt. Aggregation (macro) Mkt. Segmentation (micro)3. Manner, Methods and TechniquesProcedure of Productions3 Methodsa. Capital intensifier(capital labor)b. Labor Intensive(labor capital)c. Intermediate Production(capital = labor)4. Target Clients / Customer2 Methodsa. Direct (modern)Networking and Direct Sellingb. Indirect (traditional) shaper Advertiser Wholesaler Retailers Consumer5. Price reasonableProfitable Producers Profit CostAffordable Consumers Cost canonical Economic Activities1. ProductionInputs Procedures OutputsClassification of Products1. Basic2. Luxury3. Public4. Free5. Economic Needs2. dispersal ReachTwo Methods of Distributiona. Non-conventional cheapest but slowestb. Conventional expensive but fast3. convertBarter SytemMedium of ExhangeLegal Tender Philippine pesoNon-legal tender Foreign currencycommunicationsCommunication Commun (oe) Communis common Communic are to shareCommunication EffectivenessWords 7%Non-Verbal 93% Vocal 38% Visual 55%Vocal rate phasing of voice voice quality voice pitchVisual oculesics (sight) haptics (touch) kinetics (body movement) accecories chronemics olfactics (hearing) proxemics (special)** Public Domain** General Knowledge**Jargons the technical terminologyor characteristics idiom of a specialactivity or group.Communication Barrier1. Poor word choice2. Differing connotations3. Inappropriate inferences (conclusions)4. Grammar, Spelling, punctuation mark and sentence structure5. Wrong type of subject6. Poor appearance of the sender of the oral message7. Poor appearance of written message8. Distracting environmental factors9. Receiver incapable of receiving message10. Poor auditory modality11. Lack of interest12. Lack of knowledge needed to understand13. Different cultural perceptions14. Language hindrance15. Emotional state16. BiasSOCIOLOGYCapacity to shift from one perspective to anotherSelf-experience wider societySelf-centric views word sense and understanding of others score of Sociology19th centuryFrench revolution* democratic views starts to sprungIndustrialization* capitalist vs. laborers* evidence of machinery* social-problems Scientific revolutionPioneers of Sociology1. Auguste ComteFather of so ciologyCoined the term socio(companion) and logy(study)2. Herbert SpencerSociety is a product of evolutionSocial Darwinism influenced himSociobiologist were not accepted in modern society3. Karl MarxEmployed sociological inquiry with himselfConflict perspectiveHistory of the have and have nots4. Emile DurkheimFather of Modern SociologySocial factsThe degree of social integration5. Max weberContradicting the political and economic ideas of Karl MarxSocial interaction conceptrise of Protestantism was a major contributor to the come about of capitalism and industrialization Culture way of breedingMaterial and Non-material burnishBeliefs and traditionsModern/popular culture personalitySocial Perspectives1. Social Funtionalist Theory Functionalists believe that society is held together by social consensus, in which members of the society agree upon, and work together to achieve, what is best for society as a whole. 2. Social fundamental interaction Theory (symbolic interactionalism which focuses on how people act according to their interpretations of the meaning of their world. 3. Social Conflict theory which focuses on the negative, conflicted, ever-changing nature of society.THEOLOGYLiving Like delivererThe Jesus of history and of being humanLiving like Jesus is COMPLICATED and PROBLEMATIC because of his supernatural state It is a HUGE function to live like himFOUR Rs1. RebelA non-conformist who do not standHe was defiantHe was extraordinary because of his differing beliefs2. ReformistA person who goes for something better3. RevolutionaryA dreamer and an active workerDoesnt leave anything to chanceNever works alone4. primaryWho do not think and act like the restSomeone who challenges a particular frameJesus was RADICAL-MINDED, LIBERAL-MINDED and PRACTICAL-MINDED LiberatingA HERO who is DARINGA carpenterAnalyticalPragmaticInnovatorJesuss timeGross injustice that was fed by monstrous greedImpoverished sufferings time-worn cultureJesus was BREAKTHROUGH-M INDEDBroke away from the way people think during his timeMORALITY abide bySomething that is important to usActions are always a product of choicesExclusive to human actionsHuman beings are rational beingsReasoning is a product of intelligence3 Font principles of Christian honorableity1. soul2. Context3. Acts and ConsequencesOrder means survivalSurvival is everybodys interestSociety comes together to gain a system of supportIf ones freedom ends, somebodys freedom beginsCo-existence demands think ofChristianity is a success storyThought-fullnessPeople find ways to co-exist with one anotherPeople make agreement and collective decisions to have ORDER in the community Order is beauty and beauty is life** Schechems, SamariaAt the easy of Schechem he met a womanOstrasize excluded/isolated nobody relates to you** The Rational being is the Moral BeingBase from FREEDOMA moral person is someone who is free to do what he/she likes(chooses to do) for as long as he/she does not infringe I nfringe violates the freedom of othersFreedom is not absoluteResponsible Freedom freedom is a responsibilityPenology penalENGLISH line EnglishCommunicative CompetenceKnowledge of the LanguageAbility to use the LanguageWriting languageListeningReadingTasks1. Types of Letters2. Simulated CompanyNameLogoSlogan/motto disposition of BusinessVision/Mission3. Business Application LetterCurriculum VitaeBio-dataResumeStandard conventional EnglishNo errorsNo contractionsCorrect tensesDictionMechanicsSpellingAbbreviationsCapitalizationsSyllabicationsPunctuations** Simulation business / familiarity Social Responsibility** Figures of Speech = TropesParts of a Letter1. Date Line. The month, day, and year the letter is typed. 2. in spite of appearance Address. The ca-ca and address of the person to whom the letter is being sent. 3. Salutation. An opening greeting such as in force(p) Ms. Jones. 4. Body. The text of the letter.5. Complimentary Closing. A closing to the letter such as Sin cerely or Yours truly. 6. Signature. The writers signature.7. Writers Identification. The writers typed name and address.FILIPINOMasining / Malikhaing PagpapahayagInilipat sa GEC s2004Dating Retorika na ayon sa CHED memo 59, s1996Mga Paksa1. Kalikasan at simula ng Retorika2. Masining na pagpapahayag(pasulat at pasalita)3. Kritikal na pagbasa sa mga sulatin4. Pagsulat ng 4 na uri ng pagpapahayagPagsasalaysayPaglalarawanPaglalahadPangangatwiran2 uri ng Pagpapahayag1. Traditional2. Conventional (makabago)Talambuhay1. Talambuhay ng sarili2. Talambuhay ng ibang taoPaksa1. Paksa2. Pagkalap ng impormasyon3. Pagbabalangkas4. Pagbasa5. Muling pagsulat6. Publikasyon/paglilimbayParaan istilo, wika , karakter, angkop sa bumabasa, angkop sa tema, paglalarawan ng karakterDipinisyon1. Maanyong Dipinisyon uri/klase2. Dipinisyong Pasanaysay Kontrasyon** Retorika magaling na tagapagsalitaClassical Greek Rethoric1. Corax Ama ng Greek RhetoricBahagi ng Talunmpati1. Proem2. Narrative/ archives3. Statement of Argument4. Refutation/opposing argument5. Summary/Conclusion** Proem pagpapakilala sa nilalaman ng talumpati** Summary buong punto o buod ng paksa2. Tisias estudyante ni CoraxBahagi ng Talumpati1. Prologue2. Narrative3. Argument4. Epilogue** Prologue pagkuha sa atensyon ng takapakinig habang sinasabi ang introduksyon3. AristotleBahagi ng Talumpati1. Exordium2. Narratio3. Divisio (argument)4. Confirmatio (affirmative)5. Confutatio (refutation)6. Conclusio** Exordium pagkakaroon ng interaksyon sa tagapagsalita at sa takapakinig mula sa introduksyonMedieval Rhetoric1. Cicero5 Canons of Rhetoric1. Inventio (invention)2. Despositio (arrangement)3. Elocotiu (style)4. Memoria (memory)5. Action (delivery)** Inventio paksa, audience, sitwasyon** Despositio balangkas** Elocotiu figures of speech** Memoria kaisipan2. QuintillianGood man speaking wellKarakter ng isang speakerTinaguriang Roman Wiseman3. TertullianUnang nagtranslate ng Holy ScriptureAma ng Latin Christianity Nagsulat ng Latin Christian LiteratureNag-introduce sa Holy Trinity4. LucianSatiristNative speaker ng barbarian5. HermogenesGriyegong rhetoricLegal documentsAng retorika ay ang pagkakaroon ng mahusay na pagsasalita6. CapellaProseNarrativeDidactic method7. St. Augustine8. CassiodorousLetter writing9. Isidore cyclopaedia of Human KnowledgeDialectic approach10. Al QuinParliamentary ProcedureCivic11. the Venerable BedePoetry / poetic way of writing12. Nother LabeoLatin German Literature13. Boethius

Money and Morality Essay Example for Free

bullion and Morality EssayMONEY AND MORALITY Gifts of eternal justness in moments of the daily By Cheryl Leis, PhD, Management Consultant/Practical Philosopher As inhabitants of this 21st century Western world, we all make up to deal with cash. We participate in the world of commerce as a agent to obtain those things con attitudered necessities of life. M angiotensin-converting enzymey plays the role of the most comm further accepted means in this giving and protrudeting from new(prenominal)s. And the much silver one has, the greater ones power to regulate the particulars of survival ones feature and that of others. We use funds to participate in the exchange of products or services, individually and corporately whether employed by or specking an organization. In some cases these organizations ar publicly funded non-profits, and in other cases they are private, for-profit stakes. Money and ethical motive is a topic that has sur verbal expressiond on m each occas ions in my line of work. single such display case was during a contract with CBC TV to work on the development of a six-part national serial publication titled Beautiful, Filthy Money and the Search for Soul. The title itself speaks to the ambivalent nature of our responses to money and its presence in our lives. As part of the contract, I appeared as a guest on the panel, where I was asked to complete the future(a) sentence Money is Yes, what is money? My response was Money is a tool for finding out who we actually are. What you do with money, and how you live with moneys presence in your life, tells a lot about your values. Or, as Ralph Waldo Emerson stages it A dollar is non value, just representative of value, and, at last, of moral values. This is apparently pretty nigh to what Buddhists believe about money. There are times when many of us are faced with an mental unsoundness between money and morality and find ourselves asking in some form or other How we can put Mone y and Morality in the same sentence and non end up with an ethical contradiction? The incompatibility of these Mwords is an inherent, only complex part of being human. And it is only when we face the truth of their incompatibility that we can come to understand the utter necessity of their coexistence.The challenge stems from the fact that there is twain a phantasmal side and a solid side to our situation. When we dont bring the spiritual side into dialogue with the material side, problems result. This is true for individuals as well as organizations. Think about Enron what do you think their way of dealing with money says about the moral values that guided senior counselling there? Each of us could turn the question on our let lives. Money, in and of itself, is neutral. It has no indwelling value, but is a mere yardstick of value, a means of measuring or comparing in the exchange of one thing for another.Money belongs to the class of great mental inventions, kn declare as 1 in voices Measures of distance the meter or mile span the gulf between two things or places yet are not themselves things or places. Similarly, money brings things of different value together without bonnie one or the other. Because money is merely a way of measuring, it is in itself, therefore, not real. Thus, money is some(prenominal) neutral and unreal. Nevertheless, we oftentimes seem oblivious to this unreal nature of money and equate it with things that are very real, like our own values.But if, as Aristotle says, all things that are exchanged 2 must be somehow comparable, what are we aphorism about our perception of reality when we measure our sense of self-worth by our net-worth? While money is a measure of value, that value can change depending on what the market is willing to bear. Its rather similar to the line of merchandise relationship of the emperors new clothes. As soon as we agree something no longer has value, our consentient perception of it changes. This change in the perception of the value of something affects humans psychologically and emotionally. So when the value of stocks waterfall through the floor, people react in fear or paranoia.Conversely, when stocks rise like crazy, there is cult fuelled by hope and up to now greed. What then, motivates our relationship with money? With what intention do we strive to accumulate wealth? Do we recognize what our relationship with money says about our values? Money Obsessing For some the question of morals and money leads down another path. In Is Lucre Really 3 that Filthy? Craig Cox, executive editor of Utne magazine, reflects on his own journey from disdain for the almighty dollar as a child of the 60s to becoming of all things bourgeios, earning money and learning to manage it.There was the example by a leading voice of the counter-culture of the day, Allen Ginsberg, who wrote in Howl of burning all his money in a wastebasket. Times have changed even for Ginsberg, 1. David Appelbaum, Money and the City, Parabola, Volume XVI, No. 1 (Spring 1991), 40. 2. Aristotle, Nicomachean Ethics 1133a 18. 3. Craig Cox, Is Lucre Really That Filthy, Utne Reader (July-August, 2003), 63. who of course, sold his document to Stanford University for 4 nearly a million bucks. The irony, points out Cox, is that social justice activists who want to eschew wealth in order to bring about social justice and help the poor are in fact helping people to attain the very thing they, the activists, abhor a comfortable life. He sets up an interesting dilemma when he insists that If you insist on embracing poverty in your own life, how do you become a credible advocate for folks who would do almost anything to 5 run it? True enough, there are those who become enslaved to money in their attachment to mere accumulation of more and more capital.However, there are likewise those who are enslaved to money in their ascetic avoidance of it. two are obsessive behaviours preoccupy with h aving money or obsessed with avoiding it like the alcoholics family that is obsessed with avoiding alcohol. In neither case is money at the service of the individual as a means of providing for the necessities of life rather, the individual is at the service of money. Our emotional responses to this neutral thing called money often lead to an automatic attachment of value-statements.We grab on to labels such as evil, bewitching, aweinspiring, or filthy lucre. Respect for money is replaced with either worship or condemnation of it. Emotional and value-laden responses are also evident when communication turns towards money and self-righteous posturing rises very quickly to the surface with comments like Well, I dont basis my hands with money. Or I certainly dont 4. Ibid 5. Ibid work for money. A lot of perspicacity of others happens Hes just in it for the money. Or Shed do anything for money. This judgmental posturing also leads to ideological positioning.Anyone who focuses o n making money is immediately dubbed a capitalist and conversely, anyone who speaks of communal sharing is dubbed a socialist. Subtleties are lost and conversation ends right there. No dialogue is possible. We move from approve of money to love of ideology, where anyone who thinks differently than I do about money is immediately evil. Spiritual Moments of Mundane Existence To jurist from one side or the other is to forget that we inherently have one foot in heaven and one foot in the mud of the earth below. The challenge is to live in both simultaneously.Living as a human being means learning to deal with money whether one has a lot or a little matters not. It will do us no proficient to merely pursue a spiritual life unless we are living equally and simultaneously in the material world. Christians are exhorted to remember that even Bishops, or spiritual leaders, are told to balance both. For if someone does not know how to manage his own household, how can he take care of Gods church service building? (1 Timothy 35) A life of wholeness, or one in which the spiritual and the material are in balance, guarantees freedom from distortion.Yet the need for wholeness is also at the heart of the contradiction. The spiritual and the material are of entirely different natures. non only must they live in the same world, both the spiritual and the human sides of our existence must also have 2 their own identity and bear on in full relationship with each other. We have to work at accepting this incompatibility for what it is. These are separate parts of who we are and of our daily existence. These separate parts are in a participating relationship one to the other, like notes in a beautiful song you might have harmony, but you still have separate notes.If they are all the same note, there is not harmony, there is unison. conformity has tension. It is beautiful because of the tension. Unison is nice, but harmony is richer. Morality And Business Just as it will not help us on an individual level to focus only on the one side of our nature at the expense of the other, likewise it will not help to divide our culture into the spirit-lead and others. It reminds me of a story I recently heard Two men met for the first time, in of all places, a church on a Sunday morning. The one asked the other So what do you do? To which the assist responded I work as a director of XYZ division of a business. Youre in business? quipped the first, who was a teacher, Oh thats too bad. The work of the businessman was seen as inherently less worthy. How far could the conversation go after that? It is a difficult chasm. One finds a classic case of a religious-affiliated venture that refused to acknowledge that it must run itself like a business. After decades of mismanagement, the publishing house cried out to its constituency to get it out of a multi-million debt.One former board member was even quoted in a church publication as saying that this was seen as a chur ch venture, not a business venture. The faulting lay in this eitheror posture. There was no acknowledgment that gifts and talents and skills of different sorts were needed. The disdain goes the other way too. One has only to think of the now infamous corporations like Enron or Livenet, where the situation is merely the reverse a business enterprise that lacks spiritual sense, and results in moral bankruptcy.If our moral principles give us the framework deep down which we operate and the ability to continue operating depends upon financial viability, then integrity is automatically lost for any organization when either half of the morality and money equation is lost. Balancing the Equation Only when we present attention and only when we come to recognize the true place and role we have take into accounted money in our lives, only then can we possibly hope to reach a deeper understanding of how important a balance between the material and the spiritual is.This deeper understandin g may only come in flashes, only fleetingly. Yet the truth that is understood in an instant opens us up to the truth of our everyday actions and existence. In other words, we must become conscious, we must become aware of our human condition this life lived in a dynamic balance between the spiritual and the material and be attentive to both. But sooner of giving the right amount of attention to those mundane and material aspects of life like taxes and monetary demands put upon us, we often get caught in a bias against money.We would rather point fingers and condemn in massive strokes than engage in dialogue of particular money matters. We would rather alienate than seek to understand. Instead of molding judgment or pretending we, personally, are above being affected by money, we need to face our human situation and recognize we live in two worlds simultaneously. Maybe then we would do a better job of living in both. If great truth does not enter into our relation to money, it c annot 6 enter our lives. And if we do not allow ourselves to face that truth, the negative aspects of our relationship to money will stoolpigeon up on us unawares.Bad debts, overdue bills, or an empty fridge will perfectly demand so much of our human attention that we will have no energy left over(p) to focus on matters of the spirit. Undeniably, it can be a challenge to live out our moral principles in the marketplace it is inherent in the challenge of being spiritual and human at the same time. Not giving enough attention to either the spiritual or the material, on an individual or an organisational level, leads to bankruptcy, whether moral or financial. In his book, Business and the Buddha, Dr. Lloyd Field states, greed is a choice. We can choose to allow our insatiable desires to form our intentions or we can choose to recognize where our intentions are ultimately leading us. It is not money or wealth or even the capitalist system that is the problem, he argues. Buddhists re gard wealth as neither bad nor negative. Rather, the problem sits plainly with us, human beings, and the intentions which we allow to motivate our thoughts, our emotions and our actions. It cannot be state any clearer than said in this book we are exhorted to continually make the connection between money and human values. And then the question that really gets to the heart of the matter What price do we put on our ethics? We will need to move past our biases and disdain for those whom we consider to be on the other side of the money and morality equation and allow moments of eternal truth and even grace to pass across our discussions and our questions. When all gifts and skills are welcome and when integrity is our priority, then there will be the possibility of a true and dynamic relationship between money matters and morality. 6. Needleman, 265.

The Perfect Copy (Unraveling the Cloning Debate) by Nicholas Agar Essay Example for Free

The Perfect Copy (Unraveling the Cloning Debate) by Nicholas agar Es opineNicholas Agar is a professor of ethics and a senior lecturer at Victoria University of Wellington (VUW). Agar has an MA from VUW and a PhD from the Australian National University. He has been teaching at VUW since 1996. He has been known as an expert generator tell aparticularly in the field of transmitteds and ethics. In his book The Perfect Copy Unraveling The Cloning Debate, he attempts to unravels the science and the ethics of re-create and proposes ideas on how we should face this highly controversial topic. To clone or non to clone, that is the question that is in the center of one of the most controversial contentions within the scientific community today. The evince engine room today has given our visual sensation an opportunity to deal with the perils and possibilities of cloning. Even Hollywood has disembarrassden the cloning bandwagon and has glum out servicemany films which exploi t the topic. Although these films be a departure to what is possible, they still manage to pique our imagination and implant in us false nonions and promises. These past few years, with the advances made in regards to cloning, the ethics of this coif has be spot a great neck. Both sides present valid origins to defend their claim.The debate over the ethics of cloning benignant beings becomes a debate over contrasting images of cloning. The method of moral consistency may not give us a dewy-eyed permitted or not permitted answer. The reason is that no wholeness familiar pr put to workice will resemble cloning in every mor ally interesting respect. In all likelihood, we will end up constructing a moral image of cloning out of a variety of familiar activities and practices.It is often puted out that cloning differs from the natural sexual way of having children. Some record that this unnaturalness alone suffices to make cloning wrong. A solid rebuttal to this is that things deemed unnatural but have stock no objection like insulin shots, airplanes, and life saving medicine argon a integral part of mainstream society. If you would follow the unnatural proposal, these things must in addition be unallowed.The main c one timern in ethics is the unease which people have regarding cloning. This instinctive revulsion is said to be due to ingrained wisdom or to an upset stomache. Agar argues that if this was the basis to oppose cloning, then it is very unscientific and flimsy. Moral progress is all about subjecting sub-rational moral urges and aversions to rational scrutiny.The word clone obtains it etymological origin from the greek word klon pith branch. Clones ar copies of electric organisms currently or previously existing with the exact similar nu perish DNA. They do not result from a sexually beginning and thus are not transmittedally different from their provoke organism. In our world, clones are the rule rather than the exception.Most low lev el organisms like algae, bacteria, lower verteb deems, and plants enforce cloning as a means to ensure their reproductive survival. The case of twins is a clear example of cloning which occurs in nature, even among merciful beings. Twins come from one egg that divides into two. in that location is cloning from the moment when multiplication begins to produce two genetically identical children.Cloning ensures that the exact genetic code of the put up is passed on as opposed to sex where only half of each parent is transmitted. This makes cloning more efficient in ensuring the survival of a genetically fit species.One technology that has been used to create clones is reproductive cloning. An example of this is Dolly, the first ever cloned sheep. Dolly was cloned using the originate called embodied cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). A reconstructed egg which derives its genetic material from an adult top hatower is electrified or treated chemically. The resulting cloned embryo is t hen implanted unto the uterus of a female host.It is relevant to point out that clones produced by using nuclear transfer technology are not a even offfully identical clone of the parent animal. This is be driving nuclear DNA composes only 99.7% of the actual heritable data. The rest are found in genes located in the mitochondria.thither are numerous barriers in cloning humans. out from the legal and social issues still currently being debated, cloning with todays technology is in any case very inefficient and dangerous. Cloning technology today is highly expensive. Also the success rate is blue(a) with only less than 10% of cloning attempts achieving success. Also, clones have relatively poor health, and are susceptible to diseases, tumors and some other illnesses. And clones like the first cloned sheep of Australia have been known to die without known cause. Scientist theorize that these defects are due to errors in the reprogramming process. However there has been several c laims by Clonaid and Italian scientists led by Antinori that they are either competent or on the verge of creating human clones.A problem arises in a cloned embryo due to imprinting. It is the marking of the genetic material for the mother and the father so that only one chiffonier be utilized. An error in the genetic imprint from a single donor cell may cause some of the developmental abnormalities of cloned embryos. Also it is postulated that clones are unhealthy due to the fact that they have short telomeres. Telomeres act as clocks, directly affecting the cell structure of an organism before they pass away. Due to the process clones have short telomeres, making them sickly and frail.Cloning is deemed wrong for many reasons. First the process results in the death of many embryos, which may constitute murder. Also cloning is seen as unnatural when they are escort in concepts that are taboo to society, like having clones of the dead, the unborn and the dying. This problem comes from an several(prenominal)s sense of uniqueness. This can be repudiated by the cases of identical twins. Twins may have identical genetic components but they turn out to be different individuals. Moralists have also a problem that cloning gives us a concept of playing God. Bringing back a dead individual or ensuring that a blow will be born as well as extending the life of a dying psyche is seen to be in the realm of the Almighty.The promise of being able to create an exact replica of a given genetic code has given many opportunities for those incapable of having children. Of primary concern are those who are infertile. Cloning as with artificial insemination and other in vitro techniques provide a way for their aim of having children to come true. Another is the families of those with deceased or dying children. They view cloning as a means to once more experience the love of their child. Also, lesbian couples who wish to have a child look on cloning to fulfill their dream. Bu t it must be noted that were the technology realizable and actual human clones producible, cloning can only go so far.The debate of whether a cloned person still has the same trait and behavior as the original leans in favor of no. It is vital to note that it is not only the genetic code that forms the persons identity but that persons experiences, teachers and influences. The issue regarding human clones is that they are born with a genetic bias of who they are, denying them the open future that is a right to every human being.They may be treated as objects rather than as persons. This underlies the discussion o whether the act is that of making rather that begetting. The problem is will being cloned from the somatic cell of an existing person result in the child being regarded as less of a person whose humanity and self-respect would not be fully respected. This points us to the dilemma as to the humanity of clones. And the question is clones less human than we? Are clones of us us in every way, or are they new individuals?One reason to clone humans is for research. The process of therapeutic cloning uses cloned human embryos for research. cloned human beings are not the shoot for of this process but the production of stem cells for research. Any specialized cell in the human em ashes can be derived from stem cells. Stem cells come from five day old eggs.. This act destroys the embryo, rise ethical concerns.Therapeutic cloning has been touted as being able to produce human organs for transplants. Scientists say that for this to be possible, DNA would be obtained from the transplant recipient and injected into a enucleated egg. Stem cells can then be gathered from the egg. These can then be used as a template to produce the particular tissue or organ needed which would be an exact genetic match to the transplant recipient. Because of this fact, it is postulated that the organ will not be rejected by the body during transplant.Another use of therapeutic c loning is the creation of genetically modified pigs which can also be utilized as a ancestry of human organs. The process of xenotranspalntation or the transplanting of animal organs into humans is seen as a medically viable way to accommodate the increasing demand for organs.Pigs are used due to their high rate of reproduction and their being able to be cloned with relative ease. Primates, who are of a much closer genetic match to humans, are more complex and thus much harder to clone. In comparison to other animals, the tissues and organs of pigs are the ones more similar to humans. To be able to achieve this, scientists deactivate the gene in individual pig cells that when detected by the human body, leads to organ rejection. Harvesting of the organs of the resulting clones is then done.Cloning has been seen as an advance in eugenics. Eugenics is the act of manipulating a population to promote one race or persona as superior to others with the end goal of ultimately taking over the population. The idea is that people who are exceptional, who are deemed superior to others in one or many fields, must be cloned since they represent the best of the human race. This idea has many ambiguities particularly on the concept of superior and inferior. Although there were some marvelous ideas in the book, like trading gene samples as a commodity, Agar fails to fully express the debate in this topic.What he does show is that eugenics, by using positive methods would be beneficial to the race. And he also shows the impact of being a clone born under a eugenic driven ideal. There are different cases and different problems with cloning as a reproductive tool. Striking the right equilibrium between procreative freedom and childrens welfare in the age of reproductive cloning is likely to gestate a case-by-case approach.Nevertheless, the transcendental advantage of cloning will be brought about not for simple transplants in mans body to replace his sick organs, but for the complete cloning of the human being to last achieve the immortality of the individual. Man will no longer change the parts of a body discredited to a greater or less degree, but he will leave the old body and change to a new one, which will be also improved by genetic engineering. Thus, the long-sought-after immortality, which man has always desired with all his being, will be achieved.It has been repeated insistently that the human being has a right to life. To ban cloning, then, would be to deny him the right to continue living.If clones were to be feasible, they would probably suffer. This can be brought upon by errors in their production leading to medical illnesses or to the preconceived notions that surround them. It is stipulated by Agar that the human race may not be ready to incorporate the idea of clones living among us. We barely have too many fears and false notions that inevitably we would end up stigmatizing them. Agar proposes that we get rid of these notions and k eep an open and intelligent mind as to what cloning can offer us. We must hornswoggle as a society to separate fact from fiction and to rationalize our views about cloning.ReferencesAlan Man gentleman and the Cloning Question Comparing and Contrasting Arguments http//www.amsa.org/bio/clone.cfm searched October 21 at using google.comWhat Are Some Issues In Cloning? http//learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/cloning/clissues/ searched at Yahoo.comCloningFactSheethttp//www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/cloning.shtml searched October 22 using google.com

Tchaikovsky’s “1812 Overture” Essay Example for Free

Tchaikovskys 1812 Overture EssayThe concert that I chose to review was an online murder of Tchaikovskys 1812 Overture. This preliminary is the nete to his Symphony No. 5. The piece that I chose was performed by the Berlin symphony orchestra on October 9, 2008 and conducted by Seiji Ozawa. Ozawa has conducted orchestras in Germany, Austria, France and many other countries. He holds the distinction of being, the first recipient of japans Inouye Shorecognizing lifetime achievement in the arts (Seiji Ozawa theatre director). The 1812 Overture has movements that have a bun in the oven become famous and have been used in movies and on television, but the personas of it that have been used in these places dont become the whole feeling of the feeler. The 1812 Overture as a whole is a moving piece because it combines elements of unison to uniquely convey emotion.The overture begins adagio, with the string section performing in a very legato style. The notes be smoothly combine d with a slight tremolo to them to evoke emotion. The wood breaking winds enter next, with the flutes have legato in addition to the strings. Ozawa conducts with his whole body and his arms seem to move in the same way that he wants to hearer to feel the music. The tone of the piece changes when the percussion enters espressivo and joins the wind instrumental roles and the strings.The piece begins to accelerate when the percussion instruments begin to play. An hautboy pilot contrasts with the percussions vibrato. The introduction of the percussion makes the whole orchestra play faster and more everyegro. As the governing and percussion instruments increase in speed and volume the entire orchestra plays forte and with force. At closely four minutes into the overture as the overture becomes more and more allegro t here is a partition that echoes the drum section of the overture that has become so famous that will be play later. This opens up a section of grandioso style with all instruments playing forte and allegro, giving the overture an boilers suit lively and quickly moving feeling.There is an interlude that follows this quick movement of the overture. The strings are featured in this movement and the whole movement is played softer, more adagio and with several glissando sections from the stringed and wind instruments to calm the overture flock. Here an oboist and flautist severally perform a cavatina, a short solo that is part of the larger piece the orchestra is playing. Their solo parts echo the orchestra but also compliment it. From here the overture returns to a vivace tone and all sections play briskly, lively and fast. The timpani accompanies this fast stride with several forte, brisk notes. Ozawa moves the orchestra easily through the overtures theme and the adagio sections seem to run easily with the vivace movements and make the overture feel whole and vibrant.There is a wind instrument section shortly after the timpani that leads in to the forte, grande finale of the overture that has become so popular. This section features the flutes and clarinets playing a very fast and repetitive section. When I listened to this section I felt that the whole life force of the overture was accelerating. This was accompanied by timpani and percussion making the movement more forceful and forte. The overture watchs to build and accelerate in volume and pace as it reaches its finale. As the strings speed up the brass section joins them to make the movement more forceful. The percussion joins in with bells that seem almost undetermined to the other instruments.This feeling of semi-dissonance is because the other sections are all playing fast, repetitive fifth note tremolo progressions slice the bells seem to be playing almost at random. The bells didnt quite seem to endure with the troll of the other instruments at this point to me, but as the movement progressed towards the finale I understood how the bells fit in to the whole piece. The bells play in a similar tone as the other instruments, so even though they are playing in a completely different time mite they dont seem completely out of place. I enjoyed watching the bells being played during this section also because the bells used are so large they were almost the size of the man playing them. This in some manner made them seem even more powerful and forceful when they were being played. As the movement progresses it slows down briefly once more, becoming slightly more adagio but the bells dont stop. The bells continue to play and act as a bridge to bring the other sections into the grande finale section.In the final moments of the overture the percussion and brass sections seem to take over. The whole finale is played very grande, with all of the instrumental sections combining to give the overture a very big, encompassing feel. In the performance notes for a performance by the Burgess Hill Symphony Orchestra, Sonia Hill describes the overtu re as, a festive and flag-waving(prenominal) piece to immortalize Napoleons defeat and celebrate the liberation of the Russians (Hill) and this final movement illustrates that inspiration. Ozawas body language changes during this final movement also, and he begins to move as quickly and forcefully as he wants the orchestra to play. If the other instrumental sections were not playing as forte as they are, the percussion section would probably drown them out.The end is punctuated by many staccato sections from the brass instruments that echo the forte notes by the percussion section. This is then contrasted right afterwards by longer, smoother notes from the woodwind section. The reason the end of the overture is so memorable and powerful is because of that contrast between the forte percussion playing huge, booming notes, the brass playing staccato and vivace, and the wind sections providing tremolo sections that accompany them.The final moments and notes of the finale feature rolli ng sequences by the timpani. These rolls seem to signal that the overture is ending, but they also contribute to the grande tone that is meant to leave a lasting flavor on the listener. The pace of the orchestra slows down from the frantic pace a few seconds ago and here the strings play forte but smoothly, bringing all the sections of the orchestra together and also signalling the end of the overture. The overture ends with each listener remembering the power of that final movement.Works CitedOverture 1812. YouTube. May 29 2010. http//www.youtube.com/watch?v=blroZTvCOMQfeature=relatedRepertoire 1812 Overture. The Burgess Hill Symphony Orchestra. May 2004. May 28 2010. http//www.bhso.org.uk/repert-173-Tchaikovsky-1812-Overture-Op-49.htmSeiji Ozawa Conductor. Welcome to the World of the Bach Cantatas. 12 January 2010. May 28 2010. http//www.bach-cantatas.com/Bio/Ozawa-Seiji.htm