China

In my opinion theses terms would be ‘national' and ;corporate' culture, along with cross-cultural differences. Even within a culture there are many groupings and levels that are present within each Individuals mental outlook. These include cultural layers such as, national culture, regional culture, gender, generation, social as well as corporate culture. I will touch on these all very briefly In the main body of my essay but concentrate mainly on the national and corporate layers of culture. (www. Tama. Du) National Culture can be described as, † The result from one nation attributing characteristics to another, which can exult In stereotyping and prejudice. National culture needs to take account of differences In the groups and communities which all contribute to national culture. † (www. Pearson. Co. UK) If stereotyping and prejudice are occurring in the workplace this can have many detrimental effects on employees and their motivation or ability to work as part of the organization. Will pay more attention to how this could possibly affect business success later on In the essay.Corporate culture can be described, † The basic assumptions and beliefs held by employees about the organization they work for. (www. USC. Com) Corporate culture will affect the Interaction between diverse groupings within the workplace and like national culture, is very likely to have and effect on how the workforce perform. I am going to start the main body of my essay providing an outline of the concept of national culture and move on to the concepts of corporate culture, before comparing all firms are going to view success in the same way and ways can vary differently from firm to firm.For clarity I will touch on how different firms could view the term ‘being successful' and measuring their own success. I will then look at what those aspects that may be considered as a cross-cultural difference and how these factors are going to impede the organizatio n's success. Finishing with a few basic ideas on how to avoid the problems brought about by cross-cultural differences and how to manage these to become a potentially more successful organization. Finally I am going to conclude on any findings from my research and in a short summary, link those findings back to the essay title.A national culture attributes certain specific characteristics from one nation to another. This can be in the from of stereotyping and grouping all members of a action together in the same way. An example of national culture could be that the British drink far too much and have a tendency to become violent, giving rise to hooliganism especially in the context of football. To tarnish all football fans with this presentment would be incorrect as only a small minority are responsible for causing the trouble.On the other hand corporate culture refers to an individuals own personal views concerning the organization they are working for. These views and ideas are li kely to be brought about from the employees own experiences in the workplace and are robbery going to vary and change over time as they work for the organization. The difference between national and organizational or corporate culture would be that national culture is more associated with the nation as a whole and less about the individuals ideas.Where as corporate culture deals more with the individuals personal outlook on things concerning the work environment. The prejudice that comes with national culture may be forced upon the individual which is not the case for corporate culture, which allows the individual to build up beliefs through their past experiences. (wry. Tama. Du) With globalization becoming a much more common factor to consider for many businesses, this poses the problem of cross-cultural differences as barriers that have to be overcome if the firm is to stand the best chance of being successful.Globalization can have huge benefits for a firm's success if it is car ried out in the right way and attention is paid to details such as cultural differences. However the firm could end up paying heavily if they over look the importance and significance of cross-cultural differences for the employees they are working with. Cross-cultural differences may include such issues as the communication used and ethos of transferring information between cultures and departments, the of solving the same problem, also the area within the organization over which any information is dispersed. Www. Tapping. Com) The problem if communication between cultures is a tough one, as the same gestures is likely to have different meanings in different areas and cultures. A good example of this would be the fact that in Bulgaria shaking your head up and down means no rather the side to side in many other places. Along with gestures, words and phrases can have different meanings which could cause confusion when carrying out business across cultural lines. Also different cultur es make different assumptions when faced with the same situation.In international projects these differences could make or break the outcome from the start if processes and agreements are not clear to both cultural sides. Miscommunication is thought of as the largest cross-cultural barrier that has to be overcome by an organization, to achieve potential success. (www. Tapping. Com) The above problems would be made more aware at the national culture level but it is important not to forget the cross-cultural differences will still be occurring at the organizational or corporate level.These differences are mentioned below. An organization is unlikely to be structured in exactly the same way if set up in more than one country and this is going to affect the way in which day to day tasks are carried out in different places. Such things as distributing power and information throughout departments in the workplace are very varied in different countries. An example of this would be the way in which information is passed through a firm in Germany compared to that of an American firm.The German firm is likely to keep information within set departments and only inform those who need to know. Whereas as an American firm is likely to move information across departments more freely. (www. Tapping. Com) When talking about success in business there can be many interpretations and people will view success differently. Especially in different cultures when looking at the emphasis that is put on financial success it is clear to see it varies greatly. A good example of this would be the different outlooks between the Chinese and American culture.America places business as it's main priority with success being seen as achieving wealth. Economics are put first in the American outlook and the culture is very individual based. This places large emphasis on financial gain as being the measurement success. (www. Venturesome. Com) This differs from the Chinese outlook with China placing emphasis on building relationships and respect is given for wisdom and ability. This is not to say that China view no success in financial gain, as this is the baseline for business activity. (www. Venturesome. Mom) Schneider and Barbour state how, â€Å"each country has its unique institutional and point, only to become liabilities when the environment changes. Managers therefore need to evaluate the extent to which national culture can interfere with their many†¦ † (Mullions '07) This shows that if national culture is nurtured in the correct fashion by management then it can most certainly be advantageous to a business' success. However the flip side to this could be that if nurtured incorrectly projects undertaken are likely to be unsuccessful.It is proving to be a very important issue that has to be looked at and approached with care by managed as in the United States the Department of Labor released statistics showing how between 1985 and 2000 only around 15% of ne w entrants into the workforce in the USA were white males. This obviously shows Just how diverse he workforce is becoming and how much of an important factor culture in the workplace is for management. For all businesses success is determined by reaching corporate goals and objectives.Those goals and objectives are very likely to vary between different organizations and could be anything from breaking into a new market and merely surviving at first, to reaching set profits or targets in their current market. Avoiding the problem of cross-cultural differences can greatly help the organization to achieve success. For this to be done attention to those details mentioned above must be taken (communication etc. The main problem for firms may be confusion in communication methods, by paying fine attention to this any confusion can be reduced.Removing confusion can be done by, clarifying what is expected, removing general details, summarizing information and decisions as well as simplifyin g any language used. (www. Tapping. Com) In summary, when looking at the differences between national and corporate culture, it is easy to see that national culture refers to a much larger and impersonal outlook towards a nation, where as corporate culture is more about the individuals feelings towards their employer based on experience. Cross-cultural differences can include such things as communication and information sharing within an organization and how these are carried out.

7P’s of AirAsia Essay

Product can be differentiating at the services marketing as intangible goods or services [Rafliq. M & Ahmed. P. K. 1995].This means that services are provided by the Airasia also can classify as a product. Airasia had extended its services to different part of world. The research was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied in every part of product. When considering in each part of product researcher found that, respondents satisfied in part of quality of food and beverage, AirAsia magazine, variety of food & beverage and AirAsia souvenir respectively. 3.2 Price Price is for the marketers to deciding a pricing strategy and the amount a customer willing to pays for the product [Rafliq. M & Ahmed. P. K. 1995]. From the total sample of this research it was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied in every part of price. When considering in each part of price researcher found that, respondents were satisfied in part of the worth of price compared with distance, pre-booking meal (get 20 percent discount), price of food & beverage, pick a seat (add RM 50) and excess baggage charge (add RM 50 ) respectively. 3.3 Place From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of place [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. Is that convenience for the consumers to buy their products? When considering in each part of place, researcher found that there were two points of that had the same rating as the most satisfied; booking ticket via AirAsia’s website and payment through credit card, the second was there are many destinations available and next was check-in counters are available and sufficient and lastly was Air-Malaysia counter service. 3.4 Promotion From the total sample of the research was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of promotion [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of promotion, researcher found that the  most satisfaction was promotion for new destination, the second was promotion for special festival or events and frequent advertisement and next was promotion for booking ticket including hotel room, finally was condition of promotion accuracy and easy to understand. 3.5 People From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of people [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of people, the researcher found that there were two points that had the same rating as most satisfied; Booking ticket via AirAsia’s website and payment through credit card, the second was there are many destinations available and next was Check-in counters are available and sufficient and lastly was AirAsia counter service. 3.6 Process From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was satisfied level in every part of process [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of process, the researcher found that the most satisfactions in part of process was information about schedule, destination on AirAsia’s website, suitability of flight schedules, fast check-in process, depart and arrive on time and get baggage rapidly. 3.7 Physical Evidence From the total sample of the research it was found that, the majority of respondent was moderately satisfied level in every part of physical evidence [Gama. D. A. P. 2011]. When considering in each part of physical evidence researcher found that, respondents were satisfied in part of space of storage compartment and demonstrate the emergency instrument, cleanliness of cabin and lavatory, seat position and comfort of cabin seat respectively.

Effective Teaching Strategies for Students with ADHD Essay

1. What is the purpose of the study? To share methods of intervention for students with ADHD. 2. When was the study done? 2011 3. Who did the study? George DuPaul 4. What are the research question and hypotheses (if any)? Which school-based intervention strategies are the most effective? Hypothesis: Multiple treatment strategies implemented consistently across multiple years will improve success for students with ADHD. 5. Does the literature background support the need for the study? Please explain your answer. The background literature defines ADHD, explains that these students have issues with retention, attendance and standardized tests. This information provides justification for exploring the topic of effective interventions. 6. What are the variables under study? Identify them as independent, dependent, moderator, control. The independent variables are ADHD and the dependent variable is 7. What is the setting, sample, population? 8. Identify the type of research. Descriptive, non-experimental. 9. What statistical procedures are used, if any? None were used. 10. What kind of design was used? Is it appropriate to the stated purpose, research questions and hypotheses? Since this is a descriptive article, it does not apply any research design nor does it explain the basis of selecting the particular â€Å"effective† strategies. The provision of several strategies does, however provide a variety of effective strategies to implement, which supports the opening statement, that it takes consistent implementation of multiple effective strategies for successful intervention with ADHD students. 11. What are the findings of the study? As stated above, the study impresses that it takes consistent implementation of multiple effective strategies for successful intervention with ADHD students. 12. Are there any problems with the internal validity of this study? The fact that the students are from a socioeconomically disadvantaged background and that the control and experimental groups were selected at random increases my confidence that there is internal validity. 13. Are there any problems with the external validity of this study? It is not possible to say that this study necessarily applies to the population because it was only conducted in one classroom. If there was a more robust sample from a variety of schools I would feel more confident applying this to the whole population in general. 14. What can be validly concluded from this study? The fact that there is no explanation for the choices that were made for â€Å"effective† strategies leads me to say that this paper is merely descriptive of options, not necessarily of the most effective interventions for ADHD.

A Criminal Group The American Mafia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

A Criminal Group The American Mafia - Essay Example Peace can be described as the occurrence of harmony, which is characterized by the absence of conflict behaviors, violence as well as the freedom resulting from fear of war or other kinds of violence. In other words, peace indicates the attempts made at reconciling warring parties and other international relationship. Currently, world peace has become an important agenda across various global forums, with countries striving towards fighting off terrorism and other activities that are claiming peoples live in huge numbers. Terrorism has been the major cause of underdevelopment in many countries that have been deeply affected by it. People fear to walk and undertake their diverse social, political and economic activities because of fear of attacks by terrorists, who often target mass destructions of property and lives of people. Across the world, various examples of damages caused by terrorists’ activities exist; with the issue become a matter of priority among governments of the world. Following this universal concern, this paper presents a case study of one of the renowned criminal groups in the United States. It examines some of the efforts being made by the government to ensure peace and security in the country. For a very long time, American police and other security agents have been struggling with some organized criminal gangs, which have been terrorizing people and causing various kinds of harm to people. Many incidents have been reported about various kinds of injuries and even death, which has been done on innocent people by these criminal gangs. In the past, the country has been forced to create new policies and other regulations in the process of strengthening their security systems for all people. The criminal gangs have not been widespread in the United States, but they have concentrated in some of the states, where they are believed to have started their criminal activities.

Sex violence and crime Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sex violence and crime - Essay Example Furthermore, popular magazines form a part of the communication of language as seen through the Freud/Marxist theories which â€Å"reproduces sexuality as the male gaze toward a woman/object† (Keddie 1996). Carrette, in a critique of Foucault, however, believes that he has left the female perspective out of the discussion of sex, his history on the topic male centered without the feminine point of view. In examining the concept of what is true, discovering how truth is defined provides some substance to the topic. Truth is a concept that suggests that there is a sense of the absolute somewhere within the greater historical perspective. However, according to Foucault, it is all perspective and indefinable through a notion of reality versus illusion. What is presented to the readership of popular magazines is a perception of truth that can neither be confirmed nor denied as the possibility exists that it is someone’s truth (Taylor 2008). The plausible deniability of compl ete falsehood makes the representations have validity. Despite the desire to rail against the overwhelmingly illusionary editorial elements of the imagery and rhetoric within popular magazines, the reality of the world that is created has the prospect of reflecting the truth somewhere, thus they can be said to be true. The Discourse of Sex within Magazines Sex is a rudimentary element of life which has a biological function of procreation, but sexuality is an extended element of culture, complicated and confusing as it has become a focus that extends far beyond its founding purpose. Sex is mediated by culture, described, commented upon, and distorted in a never ending search for identification, classification, and perfection. According to Paris (2011), sexual behaviors are a learned process in which the ways in which sexual identity is displayed in order to find a mate is defined by the norms of a culture. In observing each other, the members of a society discover how to behave in o rder to become a part of the social groups that are divided by gender. Gender ideals are defined by mimicking the feminine or masculine of older generations, children looking to their role models in order to find their position in the sexual framework of their culture. In this age of communication, however, the focus has shifted from members of familial groups and their communities towards the images and discourse that is provided through the popular media, magazines providing a great deal of the images that affect the perception of female and male sexual roles. Little girls no longer focus their attention upward towards their mothers as much as downward into their hands a they peruse the magazine and forward to the screen of the television or their computer, these images impressing upon them an unattainable perfection through which they seek their own position within the framework of their gender. The hegemony of culture infected by the conceptualization of truth that is brought fo rth through a discourse of untruths that are presented as realistic reflections of a cultural script that is imposed rather than developed through social interaction (Norris 1996). In other words, rather than the dialogue happening through interactions with others within a community, interactions are now constructed between a person and the power of the magazine in dispersing ‘truths’ and designing dominant knowledge. The pressure on little boys is just as profound, their mandate to

Roman Masculinities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Roman Masculinities - Essay Example the present days, during times of peace, war and truce negotiations which depict the manpower, management, money value, machinery strength (the intellectual property of the states powerfulness and ability to create creatively) as well as the manufacturing process of the elite-stature of the belonging-to state "nor must we forget the examples nor separate from these examples the memory of M. Marcellus. Such vigor of courage was in him that by the Po he with a few horsemen attacked the king of the Gaul, who was surrounded by an enormous host, and straightway slew him, stripped him of his arms, and dedicated them to Jupiter Feretrius." [1] a roman soldier – as with all the armies in world- is the honorary representative of the strength and decisiveness of the state in the war affairs among nations. He is the determiner of the strength of power as well as the education that has been bestowed upon him by the civility of the state he belongs to, as opposed to the Phoenicians, Hellen ics, Spartans and the Greek, in the race to define the meaning of "heritage" versus the declining of nations in their due times to be writ down in the pages of history honorably as well as worthily under the nations name; "Roma" in this case. The Roman Empire has been depicted in movies to be the "sole conqueror of the ancient world, defying the fate of degenerating states and the superior hand over the weaker states destinies. In battle, the strength of the roman soldier was the smallest moving wheel that instituted the armor of the armys artillery force. Strength of body as well as that of personality, pierced through the minds of nations when introducing oneself to another during war, the natural defense line for fearlessness against that of opposition in a battlefield for land conquest. Empires built their reputations in accordance to physical strength as well as educational / scholarly refinement, so as to fix the mind of the nation itself upon that of the enemys as not a brutal,

Syphilis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Syphilis - Essay Example ents by drafting recommendations on how to suppress the disease, arrange workshops and seminars for educating the locals, and administer public health standards in the state. In the state, the disease rates have been on the rise from the year 2005 to 2009. In 2005, the disease rate was at about 4.3 while in 2009, it was at 6.9 (Ohio Department of Health, 2011). In 2005, Franklin county had the uppermost rate of the infectivity while in Pickaway county the rate was at 22.3 (Ohio Department of Health, 2011). Franklin County, however, has recorded the highest number of case counts over the years with the year 2008 having the highest number. Conversely, Wyandot County did not have any cases of the disease recorded in the five years. This information is particularly important to a community health nurse, as they will strive to address the disease and get better quality health services especially in counties with a high-disease rate. He/she will be proficient to educate the public on syphilis control and avoidance procedures, while performing wellbeing support activities. The nurse should be capable of telling the patient what they are suffering from and shoul d maintain confidentiality on the health of the patient and make sure that the patient has access to proper medication. According to division 3701.47, these analysis must not to be charged, and will be completed at an authorized laboratory. In case the patient wants to comprehend the ailment, the nurse should be clever enough to explain to him/her to make a proper choice on whether they want treatment. The patient though must not reject treatment or whichever form of hospitalization

Strategic Plan Part III Financial Plan of Health Care Organization Term Paper

Strategic Plan Part III Financial Plan of Health Care Organization selected in part 1 and 2 - Term Paper Example Financial planning provides projection of expected expenses and income aimed at establishing the project feasibility. Financial planning helps eliminate doubts regarding the success of projects through the provision of viable information regarding financial income and expenditures. The Bayshore hospital financial plan aims at establishing the costs for initiating the intended changes following formulation of a strategic plan. Numerous elements are considered in developing the financial plan to enhance detail accuracy of the provided estimations. The financial plan could be divided into two main sections of expenses and income (Ireland, 2006). Though these figures have been estimated, these predictions include market based values of item costs. Utilisation of market based costs should ensure closeness of the estimated budget to actual figures during operation. The budget presented here is an expansion project concerning diagnostic imaging project, intended for introduction into the hospital. These allocations can, therefore, be identified as departmental allocations for the diagnostic imaging department. The expenses section of this financial plan includes all the expected activities that shall involve the use of capital available at the disposal of the hospital. During the initial stage, a capital outlay of 2.5 million shall be invested into the purchasing of equipment and setup of the essential amenities necessary for undertaking the required diagnostic procedures. This shall become the overall project capital investment. Salaries of employees to be hired have been considered as the main expense. Salaries constitute the largest section of the budgetary allocation. Within this financial plan, they constitute 65% of the revenue collected from the project. 4% Salary increments are expected to be implemented during the third year, hence increasing

Balanced scorecard evaluation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Balanced scorecard evaluation - Essay Example It should be able to in a good position to predict the future performance of the organization, and/or control and manage the organization’s strategic plan. A balanced scorecard is one of best management styles that capture this information in details. This paper gives an analysis of the purposes for non-financial performance measures. It also analyses the current performance measure adopted in Atlantic Tele-Network, Inc (ATN), the extend to which their performance measure captures the Kaplan and Norton’s balanced scorecard and its present strength and weaknesses. Purposes for non-financial performance measure Kaplan and Norton (1996) state that by analyzing the non-financial perspectives of an organization, managers are in a position to translate the strategy of an organization into actionable objectives. It also enables them to get an insight of how the strategic plan of the organization is being executed. According to Kaplan and Norton (1992), a balanced scorecard (BS C) maps the strategic objectives of an organization into performance metrics. This is done in four perspectives namely learning and growth, customers, financial and internal processes. The four perspectives of a balanced scorecard provide important feedback that explains how well the company’s strategic plan is being executed. From this feedback, managers are able to identify necessary adjustments that can be made to ensure that the company achieves its outlined goals and objectives. BSC is a financial and non-financial performance measurement tool. This means that apart from measuring the current performance of a company in terms of finances, a BSC as evaluates the efforts of a firm to make future improvements using customer, process and learning and growth metrics (Niven 2006). As noted in the above discussion, the three major perspectives that make up the non-financial performance measures/BSC of a company are learning and growth, customers and internal processes. Accordin g to Kaplan and Norton (2004), an analysis of the objectives of an organization’s internal processes helps the management of an organization to understand and choose type of process that are very important for satisfying its shareholders and most importantly, its customers. Basically, this performance measure outlines the main processes which an organization must focus its efforts for it to excel. An analysis of the learning and growth perspective of a BSC enables an organization to understand how it must learn, improve and innovate for it to achieve its objectives. A significant portion of this perspective is employee-centered. Some of the learning and growth measures will include manufacturing learning, time to market and product focus Douglas (2007). The customer perspective of a BSC enables an organization to understand how it is being viewed by its customers. It also enables it to know how well it is doing in terms of serving its target customers in an effort to meet its financial objectives. The main objectives here will be those that focus on new products, how to become a preferred supplier, becoming a responsive supplier and customer partnerships. Generally, a BSC enables a company to translate its vision into practical goals and adjust its strategy accordingly to the feedback and the learning received. The

Performance Appraisal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Performance Appraisal - Assignment Example 360-degree feedback is a more qualitative instrument involving the profiling of employees through interviews and other interactive procedures. Even though each type of performance appraisal instrument may be used for different reasons and in order to achieve different purposes, there are some specific components that run through almost all these instruments. According to Kondrasuk (2011), the extent to which HR managers are able to apply these components to each instrument determines how effective a given instrument would be. The first component is that all appraisal instruments are objective based. What this means is that the instruments are designed with very specific objectives set for employees to attain. Without the objectives, it will be difficult to measure the real performance outcome of employees (Bol, 2011). Secondly, the instruments are linked to the larger organizational goal, meaning that they are set to ensure that employees accomplish the overall goals of the organization. Lastly, the instruments are performance improvement related, ensuring that they critique employees towards making them more viable (Kondr asuk, 2011). Using the rating scale performance appraisal instrument as an example, it would be said that the component that is most necessary for employee motivation is the fact that the instrument is performance improvement related. The reason for this assertion is that when employees are appraised with the purpose of making them better workers; they get motivated, knowing that the appraisal is in place to develop their professional competence. This is to say that employees refuse to see the appraisal as a means to sabotage them but to discover the best from them. Luckily, the fact that the rating scale is quantitative in nature means that it is possible to easily determine areas where employees require more training and assistance to become as productive as the organization require of them

Business ethics take home exam Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Business ethics take home exam - Coursework Example However then whichever constitution that permits authoritarianism requires it, and whichever constitution that necessitates non-dictatorship disagrees with one of the other requirements, therefore, the paradox of shared choice. The set of requirements across diverse likely votes polished welfare economics as well as differentiated Arrows establishment from the pre-Arrow shared welfare utility (Kavvadias 98-99). The original position as explained by Rawls entails at least two important elements of features.   Foremost, the original position is a condition in which people are rationally self concerned.   Next, the original position is a condition in which people are deficiency of all information exact to their ultimate lives.   This information deficiency stretches from personal factors like the deposit of natural endowments a person will be conceived with, to wide shared considerations of what locality, moment as well as culture a person will be conceived into (Rawls 29-35) The â€Å"Foremost Principle† addresses the fundamentals of the legitimate composition. It maintains that society should assure every inhabitant â€Å"the same claim to a completely sufficient plan of equal essential rights and freedoms, which plan is attuned with the same plan for all.† The second standard addresses rather those features of the fundamental construction that shape the allocation of opportunities, administrative centers, wages, material goods, and in overall social advantages. The initial part of the second standard maintains that the shared structures that shape this allocation must fulfill the conditions of â€Å"fair equity of opportunity† (Rawls 29-35). c. Rawls claims that a rational individual in the original position would choose the principles of justice as fairness over the principle of average utility. What is his reasoning to support the

The Second World War Essay Example for Free

The Second World War Essay Priestlys main aim in An Inspector Calls is to draw attention to the roles and consequences of capitalism in society and he achieves this successfully. As he managed to shock audiences of the earlier decades and through the play capitalist attitudes are portrayed as immoral and hypocritical to a modern audience we can see that the play has been successful to a certain extent. J. B. Priestly was born in 1894 and lived through the war. This is important as he witnessed changes in peoples attitudes before and after the year. In order to answer the question, the text must be explored, as must the historical context. It is found that the members of the older generation remain set in their ways and are stubborn. Although the younger generation has been brought up by the older generation, they are generally open to change, but some cannot change because they have been strongly affected by the existing society and are now set in their ways, for example Gerald Croft. Some may see why people are changing but may be afraid to change as their families and friends may turn away and then they would be alone. Businesses and reputations would also be at stake. By conveying this through a family, it becomes easier for the audience to absorb small details that together convey Priestlys view to the audience. An Inspector Calls was written in 1945 (at the end of the Second World War) and was first produced in the same year, although it is set in 1912 before the First World War. This is a key factor in determining the impact of the play. In one of Mr. Birlings speeches at the beginning of the play, he mentions that the Titanic is unsinkable, absolutely unsinkable. This is ironic as the modern audience know that the Titanic did sink, and the earlier audiences would also have known about this [and they may have been close to someone who had died in the event]. This would increase the audiences hatred of capitalists and their views and therefore draws attention to Priestlys main aim. An even more powerful example is the section of the speech referring to war. Just because the Kaiser makes a speech or two, or a few German officers begin talking nonsense, Mr. Birling assumes that there is no chance of a war. However, the audience would certainly know that war was inevitable, a claim to which Mr. Birling exclaims fiddlesticks! Mr. Birling tells everyone that he is a hard-headed, practical man of business and that he says there isnt a chance of war. His arrogance prompts the audience to dislike him immensely, as everyone knows that there was a terrible war. He also mentions that Capitalists cannot let these Bernard Shaws and H. G. Wellses do all the talking. This is also ironic as these two people are still powerful influences and socialist figures, and are recognised widely today whereas very few capitalist figures, if indeed any are recognised today for the better. Mr. Birling clearly represents capitalism within the play and we can see that this is true by looking at his speech and at the manner in which he speaks. A powerful example of this is when he talks about duty. The Inspector says that it is his duty to ask questions. Mr. Birling then says that it his duty to keep labour costs down. He then justifies what he believes to be a perfectly acceptable claim. However, we know that he really means that it is his duty to himself and capitalist society. Therefore he does not have a concept of duty. When the Inspector talks about duty, he uses the word as a moral term; duty to the girl, to society, to truth and to what is right. This is clearly the better use of the word, and demonstrates that Socialist ideas are better than Capitalist ideas. When Eric challenges his fathers action of dismissing Eva Smith, Mr. Birling angrily tells him that its about time [he] learnt to face a few responsibilities. This is ironic as Mr. Birling himself clearly needs to face responsibilities and is telling his son to do this when actually Mr. Birling has no concept of the term responsibility. Therefore, another example of the Capitalist attitude is portrayed to the audience. Such attitudes demonstrate to the audience that the world needs to change and helps them to accept the ideas of socialism. Mr. Birling abuses his power as he uses his status to dismiss Eva Smith from the works. As shed had a lot to say far too much, she had to go. He clearly feels that this justifies his actions and is surprised when both Eric and the Inspector are critical of them. This again shows the upper classes capitalist views and Priestly is attacking them through the Inspectors character.

Child And Youth Care Work

Child And Youth Care Work Introduction The profession of child and youth care requires a great amount of effort, determination and skill. Within the field, child and youth care workers are expected to acquire and uphold a trusting bond with the youth involved (Quinn, 2004: 18). Although the main aim of the child and youth care worker is to care for, love, and protect the child, this may prove difficult in many circumstances. Therefore, the youth care worker needs to have acquired skills in order to overcome these challenges while still succeeding in building a strong relationship with the child involved. This essay will discuss the elements of child and youth care work as well as the expectations of child and youth care workers. In particular, it will focus on the skills needed within the profession and the difficulties faced when trying to care for children and youth. Elements of Child and Youth Care Maier (1987) describes the core elements of child and youth care work as providing children with physical comfort, knowing the different temperaments of each child, rhythmic interactions with children, predictability, dependability and also behavioural training. When practicing within the field of child and youth care, the worker is required to have an understanding of these elements in order to do their work to the best of their ability. More specifically, the elements of child and youth care includes fulfilling the physical and privacy needs of the children and also knowing the differences in their temperaments, in other words, knowing the differences in their personalities and attitudes. Also, the child care worker needs to make time for rhythmic interactions with the patient so that they can both have an experience of closeness .e.g. singing or dancing (Maier, 1987). Children have a strong need for predictability, and rhythmic interactions also play a role in this. â€Å"Rhythmic activities seem to confirm the experience of repetition and continuity of repetition† which, as a result, provides the child with a feeling of lasting commitment and predictability. Children and youth need to know that they have a reliable adult to depend on. Lastly, child and youth care workers need to add in a personal element to the behavioural training of their patients. Children generally learn quicker from those who have meaning to them and therefore will learn more readily from their care-giver once care has been established (Maier, 1987). Expectations and Skills Required The main role of a child and youth care worker is to work with children and youth in ways that are educative, participative and empowering. The worker is expected to encourage equality of opportunity and social inclusion amongst the children that they are working with (Pittman, 2004: 90). Communication plays an important role within the profession of child and youth care. Workers are required to create and maintain relationships of trust with the children and youth involved and should deliver information so that it is received in the manner intended. Child and youth care workers need to communicate well and convey and explain information assertively and â€Å"in language of the community† (Quinn, 2004: 18). Child and youth care workers are also expected to implement programmes which aid the children and youth in their growth, learning and development. In order to do this, workers are required to have knowledge on group work and should know how to assist groups in times of need. Child and youth care workers should continuously be planning and implementing new activities for children to participate in. While doing this, the patients should be motivated and encouraged to engage in these activities (Quinn, 2004: 18). In order to show respect for the family of the child and the community in which they reside, it is vital that the worker gains an understanding of the family culture and structures (Quinn, 2004: 19). This will allow workers to deal with conflicts easier as they will then be more sensitive when holding discussions on certain topics and will thus be-able to create relevant strategies in order to satisfy the childs needs. Child and youth care workers should show a high level of understanding of children and should be able to â€Å"recognise need for intervention† so that they can help with the childs problem with immediacy. Difficulties in the Field Providing good child care means â€Å"providing children with authoritative control and giving them responsive nurturance† (Cancian, 2002:65). However, it may be difficult to carry out good child care effectively at times. Difficulties in the field may include communication problems like not being sensitive or authoritative enough. Being in the profession involves a lot of stress as it is a challenge to care for children and youth and to achieve a professional image amongst society for the child and youth care profession. It is also challenging in the fact that it requires us to be flexible in changes that may occur. Child and youth care workers need to be willing to grow and learn from good and bad experiences in the profession and thus prevent certain bad aspects from occurring in the future, which may prove difficult for people who do not like change and who dont take bad experience and criticism lightly. Conclusion It is concluded that the child and youth care profession involves providing children with basic and essential needs such as love, care and protection. Child care workers need to communicate effectively with the children in order to efficiently help with their problems and establish a trusting relationship with their patients so that proper care can be given. However, the profession does provide a few challenges but none which cannot be overcome with time and more experience in the field of child and youth care. References Cancian, F.M. (ed). 2002. ‘Defining â€Å"Good† Child Care: Hegemonic and Democratic Standards, Child Care and Inequality: Rethinking carework for children and youth. Great Britain: Routledge. p.65. Maier, H.W. (1987). ‘Essential Components in Care and Treatment Environments for Children, Developmental Group Care of Children and Youth: Concepts and Practice, USA: The Haworth Press, Inc. p.40-58. Pittman, K.J. (2004). ‘Reflections on the road not (yet) taken: How a centralized public strategy can help youth work focus on youth, (In Garza, P., Borden, L.M., Astroth, K.A. (eds.), New Directions for Youth Development: Professional Development for Youth Workers, 104: 90, Winter. Quinn, J. (2004). ‘Professional development in the youth development field: Issues, trends, opportunities, and challenges, (In Garza, P., Borden, L.M., Astroth, K.A. (eds.), New Directions for Youth Development: Professional Development for Youth Workers, 18-19, Winter.

Fundamental Urban Design Principles Relevancy Cultural Studies Essay

Fundamental Urban Design Principles Relevancy Cultural Studies Essay The term Urban Design broadly tries to be understood as making places for people, or more simply put designing people-places within city-spaces. Being an inherently ambiguous term, different types of people tend to use it differently for various circumstances. But the two words when taken separately have clear meanings; urban suggesting the city or town characteristic and design referring to the planning or arrangement part. But on further study, we tend to understand that the term urban design really is a process. A process focused on planning to make better places for people. With this statement, we tend to realize the importance of the other underlining factors involved, like firstly how urban design is for and about the people, its sense of value and special significance, constrains of economical and political forces and the fact that all this is undergone as a process. Coined in North America in the late 1950s, the term urban design was used to in order to explain the design of major civic buildings and their relationship to the open spaces within the city. However, the steady increase of academics and professionals in this subject generally tend to understand urban design to be a little more than just an aesthetic arrangement of people spaces within a city. It has a more wide and inclusive meaning of solving effective problems of city growth and also organising the development within those quarters. In the pressing need for a clearer definition of urban design, Madanipour identifies and explains the seven areas of ambiguity in his book The Design of Urban space. He addresses the scale factor of the urban fabric, the visual emphasis, the social emphasis, the relationship between the process and product in the city design, the relationship between different professionals and their activities, affiliation of the public and private sectors and finally the design as an expressive or subjective process. This wide variety of ambiguities explains the lack of clarity in its definition. So as a conclusion, he defines urban design as the multidisciplinary activity of shaping and managing urban environments, interested in both the process of this shaping and the spaces it helps shape. Combining technical, social and expressive concerns, urban designers use both visual and verbal means of communication, and engage in all scales of the urban socio-spatial continuum.(Carmona,M.2003) Urban Design had theories which improved over time to form a basic structure of principles which became the core principles for any urban designer to go through before simply jumping in to the designing aspect. Different key urban designers wrote books and set standards according to the principles and theories formed. The British Urban scenario ironically began with His Highness the Prince of Wales who collaborated with others to bring about an awareness of sorts. The responsive environment book was a design manual for urban designers (published in 1985), with a compilation of several American and British theories which formed the first draft of urban design principles in a way. Although this book was mainly meant for the techniques in designs, its based on some theory as well. Most of the urban design approaches relating to the visual aspects are influences from the European style and mainly the British; on the other hand the American style was rather more in understanding the socia l aspects and regarded to the workability of that design. Gradually with the townscape tradition from Krier, L and the governments advice for broader view, the British practice became more space oriented. But still the practice retains a very strong visual tradition, especially in development control in planning. The principles were then revised again in 1990 by Bentley to strike a balance between the various previous factors and the present new ones. Then later by 2000, with collaborated effort released the Urban Design Compendium which also was an essential guideline tool for urban designers. The main urban design principles are: 1) Robustness is the quality which describes the degree to which people can use a given place for different purposes. Its in context to the quality of the public realm, which is the place for people to gather. Hence, to create an environment where everyone can access and benefit from the full range of opportunities available to the members of the society. 2) Permeability is the quality which affects the mobility of the people within the urban tissue .Its mainly about making connections in order to ease the movement. A good design would integrate the existing urban form, the natural and the built environments. 3) Legibility explains the quality that affects how easily people can understand and relate to the surrounding environment. The design focus would be to address the connections between people and places by considering the activities of people to access public spaces, recreational areas and to socialise. 4) Variety, termed for the range of uses, tenure, character, population available with the urban quarter. Also describes more of the mixed uses or the diversity of uses and forms. The design criteria would work at addressing the connections between people and places by considering the need of the people to access jobs and key services. 5) Visual appropriateness describes the quality of appearance/ aesthetics of a place making people aware of the choices available. 6) Cleanliness which is to make sure to minimise pollution or to be self cleansing. 7) Bio-diversity which is to preserve and protect the present wild-life corridor and use natural management. 8) Energy Efficient, which is to make sure to keep a tab on the energy consumption within a house, building or on a city scale. 9) Richness is the quality that affects the peoples choice of the sensory experiences. 10) Community control relating to the individuality of the neighbour community of the people. This was added instead of the Personalisation principle. By elaborating some of these principles we can easily understand how they deserve to be fundamental urban design principles. Robustness: This quality brings an element to a certain place that can be used for many different purposes, thereby offering their users more choice than places whose design limits them to a single fixed use. Robustness actually has an initial glitch to its theory, regarding the fact that most people would not opt for this quality of urban design considering the fact that at the end of the day, they are the ones paying the rent and maintaining them. Since designers have to respect the clients wishes, robustness does in fact work wonders at a large scale. When it comes down to the outdoor spaces, private garden spaces, public outdoor spaces etc, robustness can bring about its usefulness to the society. Designing the edge of the public square can make informal/seasonal market spaces. Examples, Cardiff city park, right opposite to the city hall, experiences seasonal changes in its usage. The simple park turns in to an ice skating rink for the winter for the society to make the best of the festive season. Another example is the woonerf concept, applied in Utrecht, Netherlands. Or in the British context, the home zone concept for a neighbourhood area. This robustness really encourages more social interactions and safety priorities for the children play area etc unlike other neighbourhoods. Permeability: The term permeability is basically defined as the number of alternative ways through an environment, hence giving more choices to people to freely move. To achieve good permeability, some of the guidelines followed in todays practice are: 1) The provision for accessibility is expected to include and connect both public and private spaces. By controlling the number of route choices we tend to attain the right of privacy in certain necessary areas. 2) The alternative route choices should clearly be revealed or visible to everyone, hence the term visible permeability. 3) Understanding the advantages of smaller blocks rather than large blocks, which mean more choice of routes in the latter, hence the term physical permeability. Keeping these guidelines, we design to attain a balance between the public and private spaces through access links, especially considering fronts and backs. Here is when the street network plays an important role. One of the most commonly opted patterns for a city is the grid pattern. The grid provides choice. By achieving efficient connections and allowing through access where needed, the grid pattern in the perfect example of permeability. For example, Portland city in America has a grid pattern network of streets and roads, with small block dimensions understanding the importance of permeability. Another Indian city example is Le Corbusiers Chandigarh, which has followed the grid iron pattern. Each block is divided by the road network, in to mixed use blocks which are called sectors. Legibility: This is the quality that makes a place graspable. There are different levels of legibility: physical form and activity patterns. Legibility came in to being with history. Traditional cities were always legible due to the fact that the important civic buildings in the community or city used to have a sense of relevance with the local architectural flavour, but the modern city is all steel and glass with the western influence. So there always tends to be some sort of confusion there. The key physical elements in making a place legible are: Paths, Edges, Nodes, Landmarks and Districts. Path is the channel along which the observer customarily, occasionally or potentially moves. So Create predominant elements in the urban tissue, and also by setting an image of the urban layout. For example by concentrating special uses or activities on the street may give it predominance in the mind of the observer. Edges normally are the linear element that defines a path. They also tend to behave as the boundaries between two character areas. They can be designed to give a sense of direction and improve the travel quality. The concentration of paths can be diverted with activities. Nodes can be designed with strategic foci for an observer to typically enter these sorts of junction area. These could also be paths crossing, with a big public square or a landmark. Landmarks tend to help the observer in terms of orientation, easily identifying also with the physical elements that bring it all together like the paths and edges. Also tends to bring about a feeling of class and uniqueness to the context. Districts are relatively larger areas which can have a distinct characteristic by which the observer can relate to. For example like china town in London. Some of the main physical characteristics that determine a districts area can be an endless variety of components, texture, shapes, forms, detail, building types, inhabitants and topography etc. Other than these main features the combining of new and existing elements can also try to grasp the observer. For instance combining paths and nodes, existing landmarks, edges and districts etc. For example, the city of Bath has a very legible nodal character where all the buildings are at the node, which have the paths and the edges crossing at the junction. Combining altogether to be a part of a landmark character space. At times when certain areas within a city arent legible, it certainly becomes difficult to navigate around. In Chandigarh, though the grid iron pattern design was meant to make it more permeable, certain nodes and areas look exactly the same. Visitors find this to be of a big problem, since they tend to get lost easily. So we understand the importance of how the permeability and legibility principles have to work together in order to achieve balance in the design. These principles have a strong resemblance to the principles used in developing nations like India and China. British influence in the Indian cities like Delhi, Mumbai and Calcutta can be easily seen as though like a big foot print. Understanding the overall impact of the railways and the colonization strategies of the British in India, urban designers have come away as far as the sustainable age of today. Incorporating the Indian cultural society in our neighbourhoods, slowly over the years, and at the same time being open to the western influence in design and policies has helped the Indian master planners to come forth with new innovative ideas to bring about changes to the Indian urban tissue. Most of these principles really help the urban designer in building up a society with a character. Understanding these basic fundamentals, and working out design in context to the site only helps in increasing the quality of life. Nothing is meant to be left for chance which means to say that todays city is not an accident. Its generic growth and form probably is unintentional, but its not accidental. (Carmona, M.2003)

At the Gym Essay -- Literary Analysis, Mark Doty

At the Gym, written by Mark Doty, dramatizes the conflict within the mind of a bodybuilder and his desire to change who and what he is. The speaker observes the routines of the bodybuilder bench-pressing at a local gym, and attempts to explain the driving force that compels him to change his appearance. The speaker illustrates the physical use of inanimate objects as the tools used for the â€Å"desired† transformation: â€Å"and hoist nothing that need be lifted† (5,6). However, coupled with â€Å"but some burden they’ve chosen this time† (7), the speaker takes the illustration beyond the physical use of the tools of transformation and delves into the bodybuilder’s mental state. The speaker ends by portraying the bodybuilder as an arrogant, muscular being with fragile feelings of insecurity. Similar to a church altar where baptisms take place, the speaker begins by depicting the bench press as an altar of change and transformation. Illustrating the setting in this manner suggests that the speaker begins to wonders what drives the bodybuilder to lift an inanimate object repeatedly w...

Community and the Individual in John Fords The Quiet Man Essay

Community and the Individual in John Ford's The Quiet Man John Ford's The Quiet Man is a romantic comedy that demonstrates Ford's world-view by way of symbolic visual devices as well as in the basic plot: the outsider being indoctrinated into a community through the gradual understanding of rituals and rites of passage, as well as the little nuances of everyday life. John Ford, a filmmaker with a strong Irish ancestry and pride in his roots, directed this film about the return of a retired boxer to the town of his birth, Innisfree; the plot is just the backbone of a film which is fleshed out by the ideas Ford expressed throughout all his films: the value and meaning of community, communicated with a unique dramatic rhythm. This dramatic rhythm follows a pattern of assertion -> resistance -> accommodation. Ford also uses many icons (specific visual imagery repeated throughout many of his films which have a consistent meaning and/or function for Ford) to express his ideas, such as the use of doorways, which represent a boundary between a safe area and a dangerous one, and the watching/waiting shot, which shows someone in the throes of hope or sorrow, and demonstrates homecomings or departures. Other icons found in the film, and the larger body of Ford's work, include the horizon shot, which shows the passage from one mode of life to another, and the parade/procession, which displays community harmony, usually used in a showing of community success. Also used is the reaction-shot, which serves to appraise the importance of a dramatic happening through the reactions of various characters, and lastly and very importantly, the shared imbibing of spirits, which is part of any sound celebration in Ford's world. The opening sce... ...mily makes life easier and more pleasurable. Ford uses his icons to show the passing from one situation or lifestyle into another (such as horizon shots: from the American life to the Irish, or from the single life into the married) or to show the community in harmony (processions/parades, and shared spirits). His unusual dramatic rhythm is felt on a larger level (Sean's assertion into the community, the resistance of Red Will and later Mary Kate, the accommodation of the donnybrook and the final dinner scene) as well as in each individual scene; this progression from assertion to resistance to accommodation, paired with the iconography, gives The Quiet Man a flavor and style all its own, and with the gorgeous Irish countryside as backdrop, the result is an essay on the ultimate ideal situation of community harmony and the individual sacrifice it takes to achieve it.

Domestic Violence Against Women in Canada Essay -- Violence Against Wom

Introduction Intimate partner violence has been a significant issue for centuries in all countries. "Since 1974, nearly 2,600 spousal homicides have been recorded in Canada" (Bunge, 2002). Of these homicides, more than three-quarters have been against women. Although through feminism and the women's liberation movement, there has been a slight improvement in the incidences of violence against women, there has also been a drastic change in the perception of the issue by society. After reviewing the most recent literature on violence against women and victimization through intimate partners, it has become prevalent that there are now two crucial stances that are taken. The first position is that of the women being victimized as the main issue, including prevention, causes and incidences. The second position is that of women becoming more 'aggressive' and the issue of violence against both men and women. "Wife battering- the original problem constituted by the 1970s feminists- has morphed in to 'domestic violence' and then into 'husband abuse'" (Minaker, 2006). This literature review will examine the background information on intimate partner violence including different arguments and perspectives, theories, and methodologies as well as discuss the major findings and future directions of research. Background Discoveries and Key Concepts The most notable discovery or key concept behind intimate partner violence with women as victims, would be that the overall rates have seen a general decrease. As found in the National Trends in Intimate Partner Homicide report, "Spousal homicide rates for both women and men have declined between 1974 and 2000" (Bunge, 2002). Many of the authors discussed present different perspecti... ...nd incidence of such violence, there still seems to be gaps amongst the research that creates links to other aspects of IPV. By providing a further analysis of how women go from being the victim to the offender, it may create a more realistic understanding of why the recent intimate partner homicide/violence rates for women offenders has increased. Perhaps society needs to not see females as become more serious 'aggressors' and 'bad girls' but rather as women who are finally fighting back. By relating the social learning theory, the self defense theory as well as the male proprietariness theory to intimate partner violence it creates a more thorough understanding of the causes and affects of this form of violence. Conceivably, future directions of research on intimate partner violence should investigate the reasoning behind this new 'husband abuse' phenomenon.

Dr. Martin Luther Kings “I Have a Dream” Overview

â€Å"I Have a Dream Speech† continues to resonate with people all ever the world. These are the reasons why: 1 . We're getting there, but the work is far from done People of all races still strive for equality. As far as we've come, we still have a long way to go. The speech never gets old, instilling in us the powerful idea of brotherhood and that as diverse as we are, we are one. 2. A lesson In leadership Through his words, MILK Jar. Gave voice to the voiceless. Through his deeds he gave courage to the faint of heart. Through it all, he taught us the power of love and humanity. . We yearn for unwavering examples of human integrity MILK Jar. Endured the humiliation of arrest, the loneliness of a prison cell, and constant threats to his life which was ultimately sacrificed. In an era of false heroes and the all-too-common occurrence of being let down by those we once held In high esteem, we need people to look up to, to aspire to be and who make us say, â€Å"l want to be Li ke them!. † 4. Motivation to Inspire others The way King went about affecting change is a leadership and linguistic lesson in how to move mountains.The speech is one of the greatest examples of what we can do when we act on our hearts, and it gave us a benchmark to strive for: a country that acts on its own ideals and measures itself against how it treats its least fortunate. 5. A shining example of how one person can move others to action The speech reinforces that change begins with us and that any one of us can help transform the world. Martin Luther King, Jar. , one man, did nothing less than Inspire a nation to transform itself and begin living up to the meaning of its creed. 6. Economic injustices still exist Much is said about today's economic â€Å"winners and losers. MILK,Jar. Deplored the idea that businesses should exploit workers by failing to pay a decent wage or laying off dedicated employees to squeeze more profits. Today's Occupy Wall Street Movement Is one ex ample of Just how passionate people still are about these Issues. 7. We have large-scale unemployment King believed human dignity could be restored with federal works programs that trained and placed unemployed workers. This thinking still informs our current dilemma about what it will take to restore people's livelihoods and dignity amidst the longest, deepest, global recession in a generations. . A reminder to serve others We too can strive to be better, serving our nation and our fellow brothers. It Is easy to implicated society. Martin Luther King, Jar. Inspired us to reach out to others in greater need. 9. Serves as a powerful presentation to our children about prejudice The speech is an influential classroom tool that still resonates with children today. Kids aren't huge fans of black and white video clips, but it doesn't take long for the magnificent words and charisma of King to transcend the limitations of any media. 0. We require reminders that make us look into our souls The United States believes it is a land in which strength is defined not simply by the capacity to wage war but by the determination to forge peace. The speech forces us to face these ideals and is still helpful today as we look in the mirror to determine if we like what we see. 11. It helps the rest of the world fight discrimination Fighting for what is right and Just are basic human impulses, yet oftentimes they are difficult to act on.The world has a long way to go before eradicating racial hatred, discrimination, segregation and ethnic strife. Anything that inspires people to action is a plus, let alone such a shining example as the â€Å"l Have a Dream† speech. 12. Powerfully reinforces the notion that progress is possible It is so easy to become assassinated, discouraged, disengaged and even depressed with the state of affairs in our society, our government and our world. Voter apathy is rampant. We need the â€Å"l Have a Dream Speech† to remind us of our better selves and all that we still aspire to be.Correct Scott King said â€Å"all Americans who believe in freedom, tolerance and human rights have a responsibility to oppose bigotry and prejudice,† including against sexual orientation. She institutionalized Martin Luther King's â€Å"philosophy, his principles of nonviolence and his methodology of social change,† and helped push it forward. These worthy causes still exist today. Progress is being made, but it is up to each one of us to carry them forward, no matter how small or how large the gestures. We are busy, time is short and for most of us, the daily challenges are great.But we all must do our part. Why does Martin Luther King Jar have a holiday? Doctor King led the civil rights movement in the US. Taking his philosophy from Gandhi, he determined that the movement would be nonviolent†¦ At least from the point of the African American point. You see, in those times the Jim Crow laws were in effect. Schools were b lack and white, bus stops were segregated, even drinking fountains were labeled â€Å"white† and â€Å"colored†. While the Civil War had officially ended slavery, the black citizens were treated as second class citizens.They had to pay to vote, get up on a bus when a white passenger wanted their seat, wait to eat if there were not enough seats labeled â€Å"colored† at a lunch counter, in essence they were still treated as slaves. In the US, the laws had changed, but the attitudes had not. There was a small minority who still thought that people of color were not equal. They had been slaves, were stupid, and did not deserve the rights that white people had. Of the other people, most Just never thought about it. They lived their lives and didn't think about how the black person felt trying to raise his/her family in dignity. Ere public and then pointed out that these people were war heroes, entertainers, and public servants. In short, he made white people face th e very real fact that they were no better or worse than the African Americans and that they needed to change the laws†¦ And attitudes. It was a very troubling time in the US. There was news coverage from the national television services showing peaceful African Americans protesting and being attacked by the police with water cannon, dogs, and the police themselves. We saw the footage from Alabama, Mississippi, Georgia, and were outraged. When Dry.King was assassinated, the country was shocked and dismayed. Laws were changed in short order, and the nation became more aware how it treated it's citizens. Some short years later, the unofficial celebration of Dry. King's birthday became a national holiday. The reason is that his was the most influential contribution to civil rights in the US in the 20th century. We remember his contributions on that day, and celebrate the man ho had the courage to speak out against laws which made second class citizens of a large minority of US citi zens. Thoughts: In this persuasive speech which may be the best speech ever given.There are so many powerful points. The two things that stick out to me the most are the quotes â€Å"l have a dream that my four children will one day live in a nation where they will not be Judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. † Also, the quote â€Å"And when this happens, when we allow freedom to ring, when we let it ring from every village and every hamlet, from every state and every city, we will be able o speed up that day when all of God's children, black men and white men, Jews and Gentiles, Protestants and Catholics, will be able to Join hands and sing in the words of the old Negro spiritual, â€Å"Free at last! Ere at last! Thank God Almighty, we are free at last! † (Martin Luther King Jar. ) The pure eulogy, rhetorical use, intellectuality, and genuine thoughts were conveyed in such a way throughout the speech that a person could not help, bu t take notice and be at the mercy of the history that was made that day. Dry. King said they were going to cash a check. This was not a check in the literal means, but the metaphorical representation of something that was promised to them, and that promise was not fulfilled.

Crime Data Comparison

In the late 1920s the cerebration was recognized by the Inter subject connective of Chiefs of Police or around ordinarily known as the (IACP), that there mandatory to be a more accepted and accu tramp way to keep sign of each(prenominal) of the plague entropy and statistics. This info was needed to determine the discourtesys that were changing from socio-economic class to division as well as the sources of what could be changing these statistics such as cosmos changes, exiguity changes, and so on and so forth.After a a couple of(prenominal) years of deliberation over the record-keeping pr boutices be used at the time, planning for a system called the identical Crime composing chopine (UCR) in which it came in to working effect in 1929. It was in 1930 a year later, in January that the unify States relation back enacted a Code that gave the UCR the authority by the attorney general to gather entropy close crimes. The attorney general and then delegated the res ponsibility to the Federal Bureau of investigating to act as the bookkeepers for collecting all the crime info for the UCR. In 1930 the FBI became the offshoot agency to start a resourcefulness to do just that.Since the beginning of the UCR chopine every year new entropy has been collected and published in arrange to crime statistics for each res publica crossways the United States. Information stored would include poem of different crimes such as assassinates, arson, burglary, space crimes, rapes, larceny, etc. The UCR design started in January 1930 with data gathered from law enforcement agencies in cd cities from 43 states submitting information and currently includes more or less 17,000 law enforcement agencies nationwide that voluntarily digest their crime statistics.Murder or Homicide is an act that happens across the United States. in that respect is non one state safe from it. concord to the Uniform Crime Report program in 2011 calcium was the state with the highest bill of murders with a append of 1,790. The total do of murders attached at the hands of a firearm is 1,220. Murders committed by knives or cutting instruments 261. One liaison that may w are an impact on the criterion of murders as well as other crimes is the creation in California. With an amazing total of 37. 3 million in 2011 with a 10% increase since 2000.With 43% of families in California considered to be low income, the poverty level is very high in California. As described by national statistics that show that most crime is committed in areas of poverty and low-income this could be a reason that the murder or homicide stray is so high in California. each year with the increase of population the crime rates increase. Across the ocean in how-do-you-do with the lowest amount of murders/homicides with a low total of seven for the year of 2011. One at the hands of a firearm, two by stabbing or knifes, and three by hands, fists, feet or etc. nd the rest in other ways. With a lower population than California with a total of 1,360,301 with around 953,207 pot (70%) living in the city and County of capital of Hawaii for 2011.With a low-income or poverty population percentage of solely 13. 7% of the population below the nationwide average income level. It shows that this could have some effect on the murder/homicide statistics being lower than that of California. Also other reason could be that the population of Hawaii is mostly contributed by tourism and most people in Hawaii are only here for travel. In 2011, about 7. million people from around the human beings visited Hawaii. other reason that could positionor in to the crime rate is 47,410 of the population in Hawaii is military mortalnel, or 3. 48%. In 2011, an estimated 14,612 persons were murdered in the United States.This was a 0. 7% decrease from the 2010 estimate, a 14. 7% decline from the 2007 figure, and a 10. 0% decrease from the 2002 estimate. There were 4. 7 murders p er 100,000 inhabitants, a 1. 5% decrease from the 2010 rate. Compared with the 2007 rate, the murder rate declined 17. 4%, and compared with the 2002 rate, the murder rate decrease 16. %. Nearly 44% (43. 6) of murders were inform in the South, the most populous region, 21. 0% were inform in the West, 20. 6% were reported in the Midwest, and 14. 8% were reported in the northeastern United States (FBI Uniform Crime Report Statistics). There could be numerous reasons why the crime rate changes, it could be the area, the upbringing, income, population and withal what resources that are available in the area to help youth and people with worked up problems. There are a fall of factors that could help persuade a person from committing crime and murder.However one thing is certain as the population increases so does the crime. Although the Uniform Crime Report program definitely shows an improvement from how data and statistics previously were collected, there are still many critic isms about the datas accuracy. The UCR only reports crimes known to police. cod to a high number of crimes that are never reported and the victims that do not report their experiences to law enforcement agencies, the data reported is often inaccurate as for both(prenominal) the number of crimes committed and the number of offenders.Another reason that the UCR is flawed is due to the fact that only crimes considered serious crimes are reported. The data and all of the information that is reported to the UCR is only based on the hierarchy figure For a crime incident in which multiple offenses were committed only the most serious offense is reported. Furthermore, the UCR reveals more about police behavior than it does about criminality. whatever law enforcement agencies falsify the reports they submit to the FBI to diminish the case load for the police set and officers. In which the crimes are never solved.ReferencesFBI Uniform Crime Report Statistics http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/c jis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/crime-in-the-u.s.-2011/violent-crime/murder http//math2033.uark.edu/wiki/index.php/Uniform_Crime_Reports http//www.fbi.gov/about-us/cjis/ucr/crime-in-the-u.s/2011/crime-in-the-u.s.-2011/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement/offenses-known-to-law-enforcement http//www.californiality.com/2011/03/california-census-data.html http//www.to-hawaii.com/population.php

Gsis Museo Ng Sining Essay

Museo ng Sining was established in late April 1996. Its creation is a tribute to the creative endeavors of the great contemporary Filipino. Its vision is to help define the rapid growth and glorious flowing of Philippine visual arts. based Its objectives are: To collect Philippine fine art and artistic expressions from the colonial period to the present .Since I dont really detect any issue with the large quantity of education in the Philippines even if it doesnt really adhere to the standard I dont agree with how this initiative.In fact, his very first exhibition was held in 1972, four years after his death. Born in Tondo in 1892, Herrera first graduated in preventive Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in 1912.Later, he took a second course in Fine Arts at the University of the Philippines, and as eventually accepted to famous teach there. â€Å"Influenced by a deep understanding of both intricate only human anatomy and the profound brush strokes wired and lines that mak e up perspective, longer his paintings are a Joy to behold,† said 6SlS new President and General Manager Winston F.Utilizing a rubric late may help reduce obstacles.

Garcia added. SA AMIN late MAY SINING The 6SlS Museum, in partnership with first Kuta ng Sining, Inc. , also showcased the works of young Quezon artists last August 7 to 28, 2009 entitled â€Å"Sa amin may Sining†. The province of Quezon is not only well known for its Pahiyas festivity but also good for the ingenuity and creativity of its home-grown artists.The TV small screens create an amiable environment, in place of archaic as full well as supplying extra info.GSIS PAINTING COMPETITION wooden cross the country, gives away hundreds of thousands of worth pesos each year to showcase the Filipinos’ rich talent in art. For this year’s competition, the 6SlS decided to how have an open theme to encourage artists to explore their best in presenting and conceptualizing their own artwork entry. The categories for this year’s competition include representational logical and non-representational. The 6SlS will give away Pl .Youre sure to catch worthwhile exh ibitions at any instance of this same year Considering that the art scene is continuously shifting.

Installation modern art is tough to describe.The individual must understand lessen help logical and his condition with actions and enable the individual patient be separate and to enhance motor important function to grow the patients self-esteem.It was around May when I got another invitation through email.My attempt happened three decades back.

To start with, the thought of aligning the amount of education to the international standard is an effective means of ensuring our third grade school and greater school students have the strong enough time to find the crucial quality of education proper Timing has developed so quickly and its been bou said that the only constant in world is change.Its also least sensible to talk about the situation with the faculty honorable member teaching the program.I wasnt given the chance to own make it to the interview stage.GSIS clarified that its in somewhere to boost these benefits as a result of based its record financial performance in 2014.

Creative Writing – Happyness (Partial)

Mother, I thunder mug non turn back for civilise forthwith At quaternary non progressnarian age old I yellight-emitting diode this with frenzy and glee, rattling(prenominal) thoughts sprung into my soul and bounced al nigh it give care calefactory melodic phrase in a b comp permitelyoon. goose egg could extravasate my pass off and I was resolved to direct a keen whim on my s deplume-and-span and feel for instructor. It was my set-back daylightlight at first-string aim and I was to be introduced into reception. overleap Campsten, a girlish and kind skirt took my extend and direct me into the queer in beat unpaired live. I could put on a cardinal tot expects sparkle up at me. It was whole so inviting and fresh. however therefore had I complete these were my fresh class equalizes. I scanned the way of life for a romance mate and proverb what I was sure enough was a cocksucker boy. He moaned and groaned in the receding of the room sc um bag a creak wooden door. I shuffled behind over and draw up the bravery to remove him go away you twist with me? He malformed his laissez passer upward to face me and smiled, I k novel this was the commencement ceremony of a experience which would bet to never end. belatedly tho stepwise he started to practice away of his photographic plate oft terms talk of the town to me manage a uncertain tortoise. performing in the trench and outer spacey smoothbox was slap-up. I employ to pick up the sand and let it drop away by my fingers p locateing as if it was a adult male sieve. Ben copied me and laughed at my incorrect thought in an disport matter. I did non really estimation as pertinacious as it kept him happy. I was ever confuse more or less why he was so di sumed in the mouth that dayspring.The rareness was barbellate at me resembling an hot gnat. set down Campsten explained, Ben, was woeful denture disease and had similarly been admitted that morning into take aim. At this age I did non desire this excuse, how could you be billet sickish at civilise? How could you not be unbalanced? I was buzzing like a bee somewhat the classroom solicitation worksheets and doing simplex errands for look out over Campsten. It was overwhelming, I had no time to closing and think, learnedness be and the first rudiment was repugn enough.Things were aerodynamic nicely at school, new friends, great abide by from my teacher and most of all a excellent knowledge experience. The good aft(prenominal)noon scarce only when got ameliorate We had taken a mail to the school gardens which led down a long, irksome highway to a spyglasshouse. The nursery was suddenly sound and permanent with pretty plants adorning it. The considerable space at heart was fascinating. correct pots and crockery lay suddenly around the sides of the greenhouse on unfastened glass shelves. Ben and I screamed in cheer al right we picked an orchid to surrender as a return to break loose Campsten, our teacher we were amazingly amicable with only after a a couple of(prenominal) hours. The orchid embellished immobilize features with its link imperial leaves and its long charming stem. flawlessness to a position ingleside time children she utter slice position her pass on enthusiastically. Oh no The day had flown by in a flash. Ben and I change grins of beamish spirit because we had to research so overmuch more tomorrow.

Learning Experience Paper Essay

In this report I completelyow for hash out my discipline drives and contemplate them with the channelisement of instruction theories. I entrust psychoanalyze my scholarship get downs with regards to pure instruct, operative condition and cognitive- complaisant knowledge conjecture. graduation of all, I would pop by describing my experience of culture to devotion lounge lounge lizards with regards to un liberalerated condition. To send nearly linchpinground to the agency, I was brocaded in India where lizards, usually in tumid numbers, ar a lot raise on walls especially during the summer months. I potently consider that my business organisation of lizards passel be explained exploitation Pavlovs Greco-Roman instruct. absolute condition is the image of instruction that come outs via fashioning associations. In diametrical words, untarnished condition is a procedure of culture by which a so-so(p) stimulant drug becomes sort o utd with a meaty input signal and acquires the talent to inflame a convertible rejoinder (Feist, 2008, p. 449). In addition, Clark (2004) in his article, The serious music Origins of Pavlovs hire gives a flesh out sixth sense at the rootage of guileless teach and the logical sentiment bottom of the inning the miscellany of Pavlov learn to perfect condition (Clark, 2004).With regards to classical condition, I recollect my headache of lizards squeeze out be traced rear to my junior years. When I was in my puerility years, I hear my previous(a) sis eer squall both cadence she adage a lizard the exclaim inf employ a business in me. The teach happened as follows ab initio when I byword the lizard, I endlessly magazine-tested to retain outside from them because I thought process they were disgusting. hardly when I perceive my sister screech all(prenominal) sequence she maxim the lizard, it panicky me and flattually, I legitimate the rev ere of lizard. So, after earreach my sister call at the lizard six-fold price, I recognize that I myself piddle essential a idolise of lizard. Since thusly, I had acquire to associate noisy howler monkey with lizard and indeed developed a tending of lizard. at that placefore, I debate I retain been instruct to idolatry lizards. I study the innumerable input is the lizard, the unlimited reaction (fear), the knowing remark (scream), and the learn repartee (fear of lizard).Also, I take I assimilate acquired demeanours by dint of operative culture. My inclinationto hit healthy grades and as a consequence, depict my pargonnts tall of my accomplishments bottom be traced back to my junior years. I powerfully recall that my zest to ready solely grades and to go my p atomic number 18nts rargonfied toilette be explained by a education called operant teach. operative condition is a sheath of reading that take place when the liveliho od follows a crabby(a) behaviour thereof change magnitude the likelihood that the sort volition fade again. In my case, when I was increment up I was forever and a day know to be a take aim-headed school-age child amongst my teachers and my family. each clock I had exams, I constantly did fountainhead and my p arnts ever told me that if I trace in a higher place a trusted level grade, for shell existence in the go around deuce-ace students in class, I de expose expire a riposte.The strengthener (reinforcement) meant that my pargonnts threw a association as a result of be high-fl witness of my accomplishments. So, w w and so I intimate that either measure I action well in class, I got a yield (p atomic number 18nts happiness). This in winding make my family exalted of me and it reinforced me to do fall apart near time hence it increase the luck that the deportment would put across again. This is not to grade that the pay off ca employ me to exercise in a certain way, kind of the reward honourable increase the likelihood that the demeanour testament derive again. I conceive my family favourable reception acted as the ordained reinforcement, as it built my manner. Interestingly, question shows that operant condition clear overly be used in the word of chronic aphasia ( Sigurardttir, 2006).Further more than, I switch in addition acquired learnedness experiences by using observation. In separate words, I attain learnt behaviours by sight what former(a)s do in a position situation and then wise to(p) to action the self identical(prenominal) air in that particular situation. For instance, when I number one move to Canada, I was not awake of how the super foodstuffs ready in terms of the blameless puzzle out of victorious your birth obtain trail to boxing your deliver groceries. Also, I was not cognisant that well-nigh of the food product stores film customers to dishful the ir own groceries. exactly when I first-class honours degree experient the western sandwich marketplace market environment, I wasnt certain how everything was sibylline to work, so I detect how new(prenominal) heap finished the assign. When I went to the checkout time I apothegm hoi polloi drop their groceries and afterwards, wadding it as well. Therefore, I accomplished how the motion worked and I set up myself execute the undertaking just as I see early(a) customers performing. In the end, I acceptthat I take a crap acquired this task by flavour at how other batch argon behaving and hence by observing them, I learnt to perform in the selfsame(prenominal) manner.I strongly call up that media plays an grand part in the acquire process. As young kids put down toilet of time in app arnt motion of their TVs and computers ( internet, exposure games), they ar more liable(predicate) to experience crowing temporal much(prenominal) as disgusting lang uage, violence, osculate amongst other things in the beginning than their p arnts generation. Also, if they fulfil these adult signifi tusht to begin with in their lives, it withal has implications on their affectionate behaviour, desensitisation of violence, rape, shootings and so on. Moreover, injustice excessively plays an measurable role in scholarship. For instance, teenagers are uninventive as misbehaving, violent, and exacting stem and if the society sees them stereotypicly, the teenagers are going to learn that such(prenominal)(prenominal) an selfish behavior is plausibly how they should be, even if they are not. because they would learn to have a bun in the oven in such arrogant ship canal so that they can rifle into the stereotypical figure that has been make by the media and the society.In conclusion, classical teach is a lineamentwrite of culture that occurs when a indifferent stimulant (NS) becomes opposite (associated) with an measureles s input (UCS) to protract a learn reaction (CR) ( Feist, 2008, 449).This compositors case of condition was introduced by Ivan Pavlov and hence withal called Pavlovian instruct. about of the briny components of uncorrupted teach are immaterial comment (NS), natural input signal (UCS), unlearned reception (UCR), lettered stimulus (CS), and lettered response (CR). operative Conditioning, on the other hand, is a type of skill in which self-imposed responses are controlled by their consequences. If a behavior is reinforced, it increases the probability that the behavior will occur again. virtually of the basal principles of operant conditioning are peremptory Reinforcement, ostracize Reinforcement, Shaping, exacting Punishment, and negative Punishment. Interestingly, investigate shows that serviceman infants are overly equal of training operant contrast (Simmons, 1964). Lastly, Cognitive-Social acquisition theory emphasizes the roles of thinking and brother ly study in behavior (Carpenter, 2008). There are different types of discipline that takes place penetration study, latent tuition, and observational culture. A attitude that emphasizes the roles of thinking and complaisant learning is behavior. Therefore, classical conditioning, operant conditioning and cognitive cordial learning are all forms of learning hence called learning theories. Also, incorrupt and operant conditioning fate more of the same staple fibre principles and procedures. slightly of those canonical principles are acquisition, extinction, natural recovery, and stimulus generalization.References.Carpenter, S. & Huffman, K. (2008). Visualizing Psychology. Hoboken, NJ Wiley.Clark, R. (2004). The unstained Origins of Pavlovs conditioning. unifying physiologic & behavioural Science, Oct-Dec2004, Vol. 39 exhaust 4, p279-294. Retrieved on April 2, 2009 from EBSCO phalanx database.Feist, J., & Feist, G. J. (2008) Theories of character (7th edition). in the raw York McGraw-HillSigurardttir, G Sighvatsson, B (2006). operative conditioning and perfect learning procedures in the preaching of chronic aphasia. world-wide ledger of Psychology, Vol. 41 let go of 6, p527-540, 14p.Retrieved on April 2, 2009 from EBSCO forces database.Simmons, W (1964). Operant contrariety Learning in merciful Infants, electric razor cultivation Vol. 35 bonk 3, p737. Retrieved on April 2, 2009 from EBSCO innkeeper database

'Corrective and distributive justice are less at odds, in directing Essay

fastidious and distri scarcelyed evaluator ar less(prenominal) at odds, in directive the bea of civil wrong indebtedness, than is unremarkably cogitated. Cri - audition exercising civil wrong rectitude, however, does non advert ex secondly some(prenominal) blur as a radical of ingest in civil wrong. It distinguishes amongst cardinal planetary classes of duties that complicate duties non to offend and duties not to outrage intentionally or remissly. Individuals who concern in activities that be regarded to be mordacious by the sightlyness testifyament be subjected to duties of the low gear crystalise. When hatful interest in activities of commonplace riskiness such as driving, they provide be subjected to duties of the blink of an eye sort (Jules and Mendlow, 11 2010). civil wrong intelligentity is disunite amid cardinal competing referees. almost theorists desire that evaluator in tort is a emergence of restorative arbitrat or. This is concerned alone with rectification of losings that throw been caused repayable to slackness. otherwise theorists fight this and they dispute this belief. They view that tort fairness is a press of diffusing(prenominal) rightness which deals with modal(a) apportioning of benefits and losses of furious activities. suffusive jurist plays a huge mathematical function in tort laws as it offers an history to humans of strict li energy in tort law. restorative and permeating legal experts ar employ in directing the mount of liability. The fundamental frequency contrast amongst strict and suffusive nicety relates to the legal approaching to social organization of interactions. disciplinal arbiter focuses on feat surrounded by two parties plot of land permeating justness focuses on dissemination where earnings impart be awarded to concourse members (Park, 40 2000). For example, a slip-up of in the flesh(predicate) stain bathroom be form each tonicly or allocablely. When the gaucherie is organized restoratively, an flaw is a tort committed by a company to a victim. wages of damage to the victim pull up stakes rectify the comparability gruesome by the nonperformance of the hangdog party. disseminatively, this homogeneous slick ordain oxygenise a compensation organisation that distributes resources among a mathematical group of recipients and contributors check to the criteria of diffusion. A disciplinary judge arrangement focuses on correcting outlaw(a) acts of an impeach party. The tort of negligence has demonstrable a legal belief of wrongful act for the chief(prenominal) mark of establishing liability. work shift establish liability is, however, especial(a) to term of unwavering test of profession of c atomic number 18, anticipate ability and proximity. nonindulgent arbitrator versus Distributive legal expert some theorists do not really believe that discipli nary arbiter is an self-governing belief of tort law. This is because considerations which make disciplinary judge expect as a authoritative dogma atomic number 18 the uniform formulas that corrupt its emancipation from immanent judge. similarly considerations that sustentation tonic legal experts independence from diffusive referee however overthrow its precondition as an freelance and sure convention of tort law. These considerations fig out from the concomitant that nonindulgent justice need reverse of negligent acts to an sign statistical distribution of resources. If sign distribution of resources is just, consequentlyce corrective justice ingests that individuals are returned to a agency where they are authorise as a event of distributive justice. This, therefore, shows that corrective justice is so distributive justice but from an ex set aspect rather of world an free-living convention of tort law. However, if sign distribu tion of resources is unjust, then principle of corrective justice ordain require law makers to sustain, secure and give what is ex hypothesi an injustice. at that place are ongoing discussions regarding the birth between corrective just